Course Descriptions

ANT 263 CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY (3)

Using a comparative approach students will learn about a variety of different cultures in the world and will gain basic knowledge about patterns of cultural similarities and differences. Subjects range from tribal politics and economies to the evolution of sex, love, and marriage, the nature of religion, and the origins, development, and diversity of human cultures. Spring semester, even years.

ANT 330 SÁMI HISTORY AND CULTURE (3)

Cross-listed with FNS 330. Europe’s only recognized indigenous people, the Sámi are an ethnic community from Northern Scandinavia related linguistically and culturally to Finns. This class will explore Sami peoples in historical, sociological, anthropological, and indigenous studies contexts. Sami traditional arts, subsistence practices, religious traditions, and political movements will receive special attention. Fall semester, odd years.

ARD 100 INTRODUCTION TO VISUAL AND PLASTIC ART (3)

Introduces students to several art and design disciplines and examines how they are interrelated through applied work using various mediums and techniques. Fall Semesters.

ARD 101 DRAWING FOUNDATIONS (3)

Students develop their ability to draw what they see through the application of perspective, contour, and tonal study. Basic drawing techniques and the use of different materials are introduced. Fall semesters.

ARD 114 Graphic Design Fundamentals I (3)

Digital Design investigates the role of digital media in extending the understanding of issues related to art & design literacy. Focus on advanced foundation design concepts and broad exposure to contemporary electronic tools. Spring semesters.

ARD 124 CERAMIC DESIGN I (3)

Introduction to ceramic design. During this class, students become familiar with the design and making of ceramic products and the properties of the media. Students learn basic manufacturing methods and techniques. Fall semesters.

ARD 160 ART APPRECIATION (3)

Involves the student in an examination of the visual arts from a variety of cultures and time periods, with a focus on developing a personal aesthetic vocabulary. By looking at painting, sculpture, photography, film, music, fashion, and design, We will explore the visual elements to enhance the student’s conception of the power and purpose of art. Spring semesters.

ARD 173 COLOR AND COMPOSITION (3)

Exploration of the basic elements and principles of two-dimensional design and its applications. Dot, line, shape, field, texture, brightness, and color are introduced as basic and interrelated components in solving design problems. Color theories including the physics and psychophysics of color, and cultural and aesthetic considerations are discovered. Projects encourage students to express ideas in a visual context, while exploring the interaction of ideas and principles. Fall semesters.

ARD 205 WEAVING AND OFF-LOOM STRUCTURES (3)

Students discover fiber structure through sampling construction methods, including twining, coiling, knitting, crocheting, knotting, and weaving. Emphasis on loom preparation, drafting graphics, basic structures. Includes research and analysis of historic and contemporary examples. Students use these techniques to create art objects, one-of-a-kind garments, or design prototypes for multiples. Fall semesters.

ARD 207 DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY (3)

Covers digital photography as it applies to publication, artistic expression, and advertising. Use of a digital camera to illustrate communication concepts, explore aesthetic endeavors, and produce images that convey personal vision. Focus on developing visual solutions that explore the control of composition, lighting, subject selection, photo illustration, and communication. Adobe Photoshop will take the place of a traditional darkroom for processing images, making adjustments, and outputting images to the printer. Fall semesters.

ARD 211 NOETIC SKILLS (3)

Though necessary for survival, left-brain focus too often undermines right-brain spontaneous creativity, generative lateral thinking, and intuitive response. We will expose blocks to creativity, demystify inspired innovation and identify strategies to aid in unlearning pattern thinking in order to access one’s unique creative response to any and all challenges in art, in design, in life. Pass/Fail only. Fall semesters.

ARD 214 Graphic Design Fundamentals II (3)

A thorough introduction to contemporary graphic design studio practices, emphasizes the development of creative and analytical skillsets utilized to solve complex visual problems involving image-making, storytelling, and design matrices. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: ARD 114.

ARD 221 DRAWING: LIFE & VISUAL NARRATIVE (3)

Students continue to develop their ability to draw what they see through the application of perspective, contour, and tonal study. Students will develop a greater understanding of anatomy and skeletal structure through applied study of the figure. Sequencing, time, and narrative will be addressed. Various drawing techniques and the use of different materials will be studied. Spring Semesters. Prerequisite: ARD 101 and ARD 173.

ARD 224 CERAMIC DESIGN II (3)

Students develop greater knowledge and skills required in professional ceramic design work, such as making prototypes, manufacturing limited series, and designing and making one-of-a-kind pieces. Molds and casting techniques for ceramic production are also explored. Spring semesters.

ARD 225 SURFACE DESIGN FOR TEXTILES (3)

The course covers the application of design elements to textiles. Through dyeing, printing, and surface embellishment methods, students create original yardage for home, garment and fine art. Motif development, color theory, textile history, and individual expression are emphasized. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: ARD 101 and ARD 173.

ARD 234 TYPOGRAPHY I (3)

An exploration and development of the graphic design portfolio with an emphasis on font development. Coursework includes advanced level assignments with emphasis on developing elevated professional skills. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: ARD 214.

ARD 273 PAINTING FUNDAMENTALS (3)

Introduction to the use of paint as a medium to explore the fundamentals of pictorial organization and construction, introduction is given in the use of materials. This course will begin to explore the materials and techniques of painting with acrylic, oil and watercolor. Material discussed and demonstrated will include application techniques, color mixing, creative visual problems solving, and the rendering of form and volume. Includes Studio Fall semesters. Prerequisite: ARD 101 and ARD 173.

ARD 276 SCULPTURE (3)

Introduces the elements and principles of three-dimensional design through form development. Students discover materials and processes while developing an awareness of surface. Individual expression through unique objects and the production of multiples is encouraged. Spring semesters.

ARD 277 Advanced DRAWING (3)

Professional drawing is used to describe proposed but as yet non-existing design concepts. Students are instructed in the various languages of professional drawing for communication with other professionals as well as clients. A hands-on overview of orthographic projection, axonometric projection, perspective drawing construction and free-hand perspective sketching is followed by one-on-one exploration of discipline-specific modes of professional drawing that focus on individual portfolio development in preparation for professional practice. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: ARD 101.

ARD 280 STUDIO ARTS 1: IDIOM & MARKETPLACE (3)

Continuing the formal focus of foundational courses, students pursue familiarity with drawing and painting medias. In addition, students are exposed to historical precedence and the contemporary landscape of studio practices. Research will be employed to understand where studio output aligns. Spring Semesters. Prerequisite: ARD 273.

ARD 311 DESIGN RESEARCH SKILLS (2)

Good design requires competent design research. Knowing how to ask the right questions precedes looking for answers. In an age of too much information a good designer seeks quality research information to integrate human behavior with ecological preservation. Spring semesters.

ARD 314 Identity Branding (3)

Theory and practice related to the understanding of how symbolism and semiotics function in graphic design. Includes a broad overview of graphic design history and an understanding of how graphic design functions in the third dimension. (Packaging, environmental, architectural, and signage touchpoints). Includes Studio. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: ARD 214

ARD 329 ART & DESIGN PROJECT MANAGEMENT (3)

Project management skills and how to apply design thinking and the design process in the management of an art and design project. Project scope and objective, time management, and professional communication. Students choose an entrepreneurial project and learn about opportunity recognition, market analysis, and how to develop a business idea through the basics of a business plan. Includes Studio. Fall semesters.

ARD 334 User Interface/Experience Design (3)

Concentrated creative investigation of emergent digital delivery formats and frameworks (web, mobile). Way-finding, navigation, interface, and information architecture methodologies emphasized. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: ARD 314

ARD 354 JACQUARD DESIGN (3)

Builds on knowledge of woven structure and surface design principles teaching students to create patterns and weaves for jacquard upholstery. Through the use of professional software, students’ designs are woven as samples in a textile mill. Students use drawing, color theory, basic math, and organizational skills to complete design projects for industry. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: ARD 205 and ARD 225.

ARD 360 TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF CERAMIC DESIGN (3)

Students study the chemistry and physics of the raw materials used in ceramic products, and the behavior of the materials during the different stages of production. The students become familiar with the different types and compositions of clay bodies, ceramic kilns, and equipment operating principles. Fall semesters. Prerequisites:  ARD 124 or ARD 224.

ARD 370 HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS (3)

Students study the interface between humans and the built environment. Course work includes the study of anthropometrics, ergonomics, proxemics, human sensory, and psychological response in relation to human-made objects and environments. Also explored are ADA specifications and regulations, and the principles of universal design and sustainable design. Fall semesters.

ARD 395 ART AND DESIGN PROJECT (3)

Deepens the skills learned in ARD 329. Emphasis on individual professional development and the production of a product, set of products, or piece(s) of art. Instructors approve the project topics. Students prepare a report of the project and complete a project portfolio using advanced presentation techniques. Students are encouraged to select a challenging and inspiring topic that generates individual expertise and lays the groundwork for subsequent professional projects. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: ARD 329.

ARD 403 CONTEMPORARY CRITICISM (3)

Senior-level discussion about the place of art and criticism in contemporary global culture. It explores questions such as: What are artists and critics doing and saying now? What kinds of new media and venues are being developed? What is the place of art criticism in the 21st century? The course explores the responsibility of artists and critics (if any) to society, themselves, the environment, and the ecology of the planet. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: HIS 303.

ARD 414 TYPOGRAPHY II (3)

Advanced graphic design theory and application exploring formal and informal structures, with an analysis of contemporary and historic precedents. Includes Studio. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: ARD 234.

ARD 424 STUDIO PRACTICES IN CERAMIC DESIGN (3)

Advanced problem solving related to the process of creating ceramics. The aesthetics of clay as an expressive medium are explored. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: ARD 360.

ARD 425 STUDIO PRACTICES IN FIBER/FASHION DESIGN (3)

Students will continue study of design and fiber structure in weaving, knitting and other systems and combined processes. Includes Studio. Fall semesters. Prerequisites: ARD 205 and 225.

ARD 434 Professional Graphic Design Practices (3)

An extensive overview of interactive tools, principles, and concepts in screen-based delivery mechanisms. The student designer will explore and construct innovative frameworks of interaction using coding and industry-standard electronic applications. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: ARD 334.

ARD 454 STUDIO PRACTICES IN CERAMIC DESIGN II (3)

Continuation of Studio Practices in Ceramics I. Students will explore their own path through the ceramic medium with faculty advising. Aesthetics of form and color as well as the role of ceramic art in the 21st century will be explored. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: ARD 424.

ARD 460 TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF CERAMIC DESIGN II (3)

A continuation of ARD 360, students will focus on glaze calculation from scratch, as well as develop a deeper understanding of clay bodies and firing temperature. The investigation will be directed toward the student’s individual studio practice and will involve chemistry and mathematics as related to ceramics. Includes Studio. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: ARD 360.

ARD 461 ADVANCED TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF FIBER/FASHION DESIGN (3)

Students continue study of design and fiber structure in weaving and other structures, garment and surface design. Individual projects emphasize the technical aspects taking full advantage of the studio facilities. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: ARD 261.

ARD 465 STUDIO PRACTICES IN FIBER/FASHION DESIGN II (3)

Professional practices in design development, studio practices and presentation for entrepreneurial artists, small businesses, and industry are emphasized. The semester will focus on the advanced development of the student’s individual area of focus in fiber design leading to Diploma Works. Includes Studio. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: ARD 425.

ARD 480 STUDIO ARTS 4: PORTFOLIO (3)

A final preparation for entrance into the illustration marketplace. There will be strong emphasis on technique, design, presentation, and professionalism. Business aspects, self-promotion, and portfolio presentations will be addressed. This is a labor-intensive studio experience, individually catered to each student’s needs and sensibilities. Fall Semesters. Prerequisite: ARD 380

ARD 497 DIPLOMA WORKS PREPARATION (2)

This seminar prepares students for ARD 499 Diploma Works. The student is introduced to the approaches, basic standards, and required guidelines for ARD 499 Diploma Works. Students plan their diploma works project and present it for approval. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: Senior status. Requirement: Students must enroll in ARD 499 the following spring semester.

ARD 498 ART & DESIGN INTERNSHIP (3)

Art & Design Internship students are required to participate in a one-semester internship with a professional design firm or company. Students may also elect to study abroad in lieu of professional practice. Fall and spring semesters.

ARD 499 DIPLOMA WORKS (6)

Intensive class in which the student researches, develops, and completes a final diploma works project with the supervision of faculty. Topics and requirements vary according to the student’s focus. A paper and support materials that document the development of the work are required. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: ARD 497.

ATR 389 INTERNSHIP IN ART THERAPY (1-3)

This experiential learning opportunity focuses on exploring career interests, applying knowledge from the classroom, and developing practical on-the-job skills. Students are responsible for establishing their own internships. The internship may be taken for one, two, or three credit hours, with a minimum of 20 hours of supervised on-site work per credit hour. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Cumulative GPA of at least 2.7 and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

ATR 495 CAPSTONE PREP COURSE (1)

Prepares students for ATR 499 Senior Capstone. Students will be introduced to the requirements of the capstone experience, determine their topic, and develop a prospectus. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Senior standing and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

ATR 499 SENIOR CAPSTONE IN ART THERAPY (3)

Students prepare a research thesis on a topic of interest to the student. The thesis is intended to demonstrate the student’s ability to synthesize and apply knowledge. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: Senior status and instructor permission.

BIO 100 THE BIOLOGY MAJOR (1)

Introduces students to the biology major, including its scope, curriculum, and career possibilities.  Activities and discussions explore program completion, career options and preparation, medical or graduate school preparation, and developing professionalism. Fall semesters.

BIO 111 BIOLOGY: ESSENTIALS FOR LIFE (4)

Focuses on concepts of modern biology. Topics include diversity of organisms, characteristics of life, cell structure and function, photosynthesis and respiration, cell reproduction, patterns of inheritance, DNA and gene expression, and exploration of the scientific method. Includes laboratory. Fall and spring semesters.

BIO 113 BIOLOGY: DIVERSITY OF LIFE (4)

Uses an evolutionary approach to explore the classification, structure, and function of living organisms. Topics include evolutionary mechanisms of inheritance, diversity of living organisms, and the morphology and physiology of plants and animals. Includes laboratory and fieldwork. Fall semesters.

BIO 171 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY I (4)

Provides a systematic review of the anatomy and physiology of the human body. Topics include basic biochemistry, cells, tissues, and body systems such as integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous. Includes laboratory. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BIO 111 or instructor permission.

BIO 172 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY II (4)

Continuation of BIO 171. Body systems studied include endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, renal, and reproductive. Includes laboratory. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: BIO 171.

BIO 241 COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY (4)

Compares the anatomical designs of vertebrates as functional adaptations and products of an evolutionary legacy. Includes laboratory. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: BIO 113.

BIO 251 ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY (4)

Compares the physiological mechanisms of animal systems as functional adaptations. Biological processes include respiration, circulation, digestion and metabolism, thermoregulation, osmoregulation and renal physiology, neural and hormonal regulation, sensation, and mobility. Includes laboratory. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: BIO 113.

BIO 273 MICROBIOLOGY (4)

Introduction to the microscopic world of bacteria, prokaryotes, fungi, and viruses.  Topics include microorganism structure, metabolism, growth, control, phylogeny, ecology, interactions with humans, and epidemiology.  Laboratory will introduce basic microbiological techniques.  Includes laboratory. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: BIO 113 or BIO 172.

BIO 300 ECOLOGY (4)

Outlines the theoretical and empirical aspects of ecology starting with the nature and history of the discipline. Topics include the elements of populations, biotic interactions, communities, and ecosystems. Includes laboratory. Fall semester, odd years. Prerequisite: BIO 113 or instructor permission.

BIO 320 GENETICS (4)

Investigates modern principles of genetics. Topics include modes of inheritance, chromosomal inheritance, gene expression and regulation, genetic mutations and recombination, molecular techniques, genomics, transposons, epigenetics, and quantitative inheritance. Includes laboratory. Fall semester, even years. Prerequisite: BIO 111.

BIO 330 CELL BIOLOGY (3)

Investigates the structures and processes of the cell. Topics include organelle structure and function, membrane structure and transport, bioenergetics and enzymes, photosynthesis and respiration, cell reproduction and gene expression, the endomembrane system, the cytoskeleton and cell motility, cellular junctions and extracellular structures, and cell communication. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisite: BIO 111.

BIO 350 TOPICS IN BIOLOGY (3)

Opportunity to explore aspects of the field of biology not dealt with extensively in other Biology courses. Topics may include Molecular Biology, Developmental Biology, Limnology, Animal Behavior, and Conservation Biology. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: Junior standing and instructor permission.

BIO 382 JUNIOR SEMINAR (1)

Examination of primary texts focusing on methodology and applications of biology. Spring semester, odd years; or as needed. Prerequisite: Junior standing.

BIO 389 INTERNSHIP IN BIOLOGY (1-3)

This experiential learning opportunity focuses on exploring career interests, applying knowledge from the classroom, and developing practical on-the-job skills. Students are responsible for establishing their own internships. The internship may be taken for one, two, or three credit hours, with a minimum of 20 hours of supervised on-site work per credit hour. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Cumulative GPA of at least 2.7 and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

BIO 410 BIOCHEMISTRY (3)

Introduces the chemical metabolism of living systems. Topics include the molecular architecture of cells, metabolic regulation, chemical and physical properties of organic molecules, protein structure and stability, enzyme kinetics, and metabolic circuitry and pathways. Fall semester, odd years.  Prerequisite: CHM 215.

BIO 445 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY (3)

Evolutionary biology to include the patterns of historical evolution; evolutionary rates of morphological and physiological change and molecular diversification; genetic basis of evolutionary change; the biology of adaptations, the evolution of genome organization; evolution of reproductive isolation; and species formation. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: BIO 113.

BIO 453 RESEARCH METHODS AND BIOSTATISTICS (3)

Investigates methods for the design and implementation of observational and experimental studies. Topics include probability, sampling, experimental design, hypothesis testing, confidence interval estimation, t-test, ANOVA, regression, categorical data analysis, and nonparametric statistics. Emphasis will also be placed on the biological interpretation of statistical results. Spring semester, even years. Prerequisite: MAT 140, 145, or higher.

BIO 482 SENIOR SEMINAR (1)

Examination of primary texts focusing on methodology and applications of biology. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Senior standing.

BIO 495 CAPSTONE PREP COURSE (1)

Prepares students for BIO 499 Senior Capstone. Students will be introduced to the requirements of the capstone experience, determine their topic, and develop a prospectus. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Senior standing and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

BIO 499 SENIOR CAPSTONE IN BIOLOGY (3)

Students prepare a research thesis on a topic of interest to the student. The thesis is intended to demonstrate the student’s ability to synthesize and apply knowledge. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: Senior status and instructor permission.

BUS 122 BUSINESS COMPUTING APPLICATIONS (3)

This course explores the use of Excel as a business problem-solving tool. Covers introductory spreadsheet calculations, formatting, and advanced applications.  Fall and spring semesters.

BUS 125 ART BUSINESS (3)

Introduces students to aspects of business within the art industry and prepares them to develop a professional artist’s statement, résumé, and portfolio. Students will develop a conversational knowledge of galleries and artist opportunities such as commissions, grants, and residencies. Presentations, critiques, criticism, and rejection will also be covered. Fall semesters.

BUS 138 FUNDAMENTALS OF BUSINESS (3)

Provides an overview of business from the student perspective. Students will learn about the continuously changing business world and the important knowledge and skill sets needed to be successful in today’s globalized business world. Other topics include entrepreneurship and starting a new business, leadership and ethics. The course will emphasize student-centered learning and interaction with business experts and professionals. Fall semesters; spring semesters as needed.

BUS 141 BUSINESS COMMUNICATIONS (3)

Provides an introduction to the theory and practice of communication in business, emphasizing planning and writing or presenting business letters, memos, and reports, and includes a review of basic writing principles. Pre-requisite ENG 103.

BUS 200 FUNDAMENTALS OF ACCOUNTING (3)

Provides a basic knowledge of accounting to make sound financial decisions. Covers generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), businesses’ four basic financial statements, business organizations, basic financial ratios, budgeting, audits and auditors, and fraud and ethics. This course is intended for non-business majors seeking a basic background in accounting fundamentals. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: MAT144 or MAT145 or higher. May be taken concurrently with this prerequisite.

BUS 201 PRINCIPLES OF ACCOUNTING I (3)

Covers the basic concepts, principles, and procedures of accounting. Major topics include the accounting cycle, financial statement preparation, and revenue recognition. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: MAT 144 or MAT 145, or higher. May be taken concurrently with this prerequisite.

BUS 202 PRINCIPLES OF ACCOUNTING II (3)

Focuses on the role of accounting information within a company. Major topics Include budgeting, responsibility accounting, cost allocations, cost behavior, decision models, capital budgeting, and product costing. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 201.

BUS 206 ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE FOR SMALL BUSINESS (1)

Uses a common accounting software package to introduce computerized accounting applications. Spring semesters.

BUS 235 LEADERSHIP AND TEAM SKILLS (3)

Introduces students to leadership styles and traits and provides self-assessment activities for them to learn more about their leadership abilities. Provides students with readings and activities to engage them in the leadership process as well as foster teams that work together on a class project. Fall and spring semesters. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing. Writing Intensive (WI) sections also require ENG 104 as a prerequisite.

BUS 245 PRINCIPLES OF MARKETING (3)

Covers marketing principles including the marketing process, understanding buyers and markets, marketing research, segmentation, targeting and positioning, the marketing mix, and the economic and legal environment in which a business enterprise operates. The in-class emphasis is on marketing in small and medium-sized businesses. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing.

BUS 271 PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT (3)

Examines the history, evolution and function of management in the 21st century. Examines classical theory through postmodern theory in case studies. Students learn how management goals and strategies are set, attained and maintained using best practices. Covers topics such as business law, human resource management, and production management. Fall and spring semesters. Prerequisite: Sophomore standing.

BUS 301 INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING I (3)

Studies in-depth the accounting cycle and the accepted standards that govern financial reporting. Topics include current assets, long-lived assets, and intangibles. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 202.

BUS 302 INTERMEDIATE ACCOUNTING II (3)

An in-depth study of the accounting cycle and the accepted standards that govern financial reporting. Topics include current assets, long-lived assets, and intangibles. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 301.

BUS 310 CROSS-CULTURAL BUSINESS COMMUNICATION (3)

Empowers students to work and communicate effectively in the cross-cultural business environment. Focuses on developing cross-cultural awareness, knowledge and skills needed to operate effectively in domestic and international cross-cultural environments. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: Junior standing or permission of instructor.

BUS 315 COST/MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING (3)

Studies how managers use accounting information to plan production and control the costs of a manufacturing operation. Topics include cost systems, cost elements, budgeting, profit planning, responsibility accounting, and standard cost. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 202.

BUS 324 INCOME TAX ACCOUNTING (3)

An introduction to the study and research of federal income tax laws and how they apply to individuals, partnerships, and corporations as well as tax planning strategies used to minimize taxes. Fall semesters, even years. Prerequisite: BUS 202.

BUS 325 ART ENTREPRENEURSHIP (3)

Prepares students to develop and run a business. Students will demonstrate a conversational knowledge of the development and implementation of a business plan, as well as basic art business practices and terminology as they apply to new or existing small-scale business ventures. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 125.

BUS 332 BUSINESS FINANCE (3)

Presents the basic principles of the acquisition, financing and management of assets, building on the foundation of time value of money and valuation of securities, and introduces the techniques of capital budgeting and the cost of capital. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 201.

BUS 340 Digital Marketing (3)

Explores marketing in a digital world focusing on inbound marketing strategy and tactics including mobile communications, search engine optimization, new media marketing, online digital display advertising, video creation, search advertising, email marketing, social listening and engagement. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 245.

BUS 346 Integrated MARKETING COMMUNICATION (3)

This course prepares students to develop a marketing, advertising strategy for their business endeavors or for a small business where they may work. Practical techniques, as opposed to theory, will be presented and discussed.  Spring semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 245.

BUS 348 RELATIONSHIP SALES (3)

Covers the evolution of personal selling, an important part of marketing; studies the interpersonal interactions between buyers and sellers to initiate, develop and enhance customer relationships. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 245.

BUS 350 TOPICS IN BUSINESS (3)

Investigates aspects of business not covered or only lightly touched on in other business courses. Topics vary depending upon the instructor. Offered as needed.

BUS 351 SPORTS MARKETING (3)

Applies the principles of promotion and marketing for college and high school athletics, professional sports, corporate fitness clubs, and resorts. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 245, Junior standing.

BUS 352 SPORTS BUSINESS AND FINANCE (3)

Studies theory and applications of fundamental business practices as applied to sport management. Topics covered include revenue sources, budget development, ownership, taxation, financial analysis and economic impact studies. Emphasizes ticket, group, sponsorship, food service, and broadcast sales as well as fundraising development. Fall semesters Prerequisite: Junior standing.

BUS 356 Sports Communication and Public Relations (3)

Offers instruction, analysis, and training in the principles and practices organizations use in public relations and communication. Emphasizes communication’s role in successful sport organizations, how sports organizations disseminate information across communication channels and platforms, and how to handle media interactions and crisis situations. Prerequisite: BUS 245, junior standing or permission of instructor.

BUS 361 BUSINESS LAW (3)

Examines legal terminology, contracts, agencies, partnerships, corporations, property, negotiable instruments, sales, court proceedings, federal laws, and business ethics from the perspective of their relevance and importance in today’s organizations. Students participate in activities that teach them how to manage a business legally with high ethical and moral standards. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 245, BUS 271 or permission of instructor. Writing Intensive (WI) sections also require ENG 104 as a prerequisite.

BUS 374 PRINCIPLES OF SPORTS MANAGEMENT (3)

Analyzes effective management strategies and the knowledge associated with pursuing a career in sports management. Emphasizes fundamental sports management principles and skills and information on current issues. Introduces students to sports management career opportunities and sports principles as they relate to leadership style, communication, and motivation. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 271.

BUS 381 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (3)

Explores effective human resource management in the dynamic legal, social, and economic environments of public and private organizations. Topics include federal statutes that influence the recruitment, selection, training, and development of organizational members. Students study various performance appraisal systems and examine changing benefits and compensation packages. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 271.

BUS 386 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR (3)

An interdisciplinary study of the variables that affect both the formal and the informal culture within an organization. These include employee motivation, team dynamics, and work performance. Examines leadership from the perspective of how it shapes and sustains the organization’s customs and mores. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 271.

BUS 388 GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP (3)

Studies the challenges and opportunities of international business from the viewpoint of the small entrepreneurial venture. Topics include understanding the level of readiness to internationalize, finding and analyzing markets, methods of entry, finding international distributors and partners, exporting and importing, marketing mix decisions, legal aspects, understanding cultural differences, available assistance, and managing international operations. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 271, BUS 245 or instructor permission.

BUS 395 PROJECT MANAGEMENT (3)

Examines the fundamentals of project management including organizing, planning, and controlling projects. Covers concepts such as developing project proposals, project scheduling, managing costs and risk, team management, and communication and documentation issues. Utilizing Microsoft Project, students will plan, schedule and manage a project over the length of the course. Fall semesters. Prerequisites: BUS 122 and BUS 271.

BUS 401 ADVANCED ACCOUNTING (3)

Examines the specialized issues, problems, practices, and skills required when accounting for business combinations, including preparation of consolidated financial statements for organizations that are wholly- and/or partially-owned subsidiary operations, transactions associated with international operations, and partnership accounting. Fall semester, even years. Prerequisite: BUS 302.

BUS 405 ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS (3)

Provides students with a thorough understanding of the design of information systems that support the accounting function of a firm. Topics include business transaction cycles and processes, accounting system technology, and management of accounting systems. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 302.

BUS 420 AUDITING (3)

Studies the attest functions of public accounting. Topics include professional ethics, generally accepted auditing standards, internal control, and the design of audit programs. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisite: BUS 302.

BUS 428 Senior Practicum in Managerial Accounting (3)

Provides students with hands-on learning of a business’s accounting cycle including the month-end close process, reports analyses for management, annual budgeting, and preparing for a financial statement audit. Spring Semester. Fall semester as needed. Prerequisite:  Senior standing in Accounting.

BUS 435 ENTREPRENEURSHIP (3)

Provides a thorough analysis of the entrepreneurial process and the key considerations an entrepreneur must make to increase the likelihood of the venture being successful. These include having a feasible business idea, developing an effective business model, as well as managerial, financial, funding, legal, and ethical issues. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 271 and Junior standing.

BUS 446 BUYER BEHAVIOR (3)

The course will depict a broader understanding of buyer behavior which incorporates both consumer and organizational buying. It will help students comprehend the buying process in business and industrial markets, and will consequently include concepts examining the behavior of external marketplace influences on buyer behavior. The principles are expandable to both consumer and business-to-business environments.  Fall semester, odd years. Prerequisite: BUS 245.

BUS 447 ENTREPRENEURIAL MARKETING (3)

The student will gain insights essential for marketing an entrepreneurial venture or small business utilizing innovative and financially responsible marketing strategies and tactics. Learners will discover how to create, develop, and execute marketing tactics to grow a successful business. Topics for the course include digital marketing, marketing economics, inbound marketing, outbound marketing, guerrilla marketing, advertising design, and marketing analytics. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 245.

BUS 448 INTERNATIONAL MARKETING (3)

Studies the development and implementation of a marketing strategy in a global setting. Topics include how to devise a mission, utilize limited resources, and design and measure the effectiveness of an international marketing plan. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 245.

BUS 453 ATHLETIC ADMINISTRATION AND INTERNATIONAL SPORT (3)

Introduces the management of amateur athletics, including review of the organizational structures of intercollegiate athletic departments, conferences, and the NCAA. Analyzes, in light of an expanding global sport industry, the organization and management of international sport, including the European “Club” structure and Olympic movements. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 271 and Junior standing

BUS 454 FACILITY AND GAME EVENT MANAGEMENT (3)

Offers an overview of the operation, management, and financing of public and private assembly facilities, including arenas, coliseums, and stadiums and the elements of managing sport games and events. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BUS 271 and Junior standing

BUS 481 RESEARCH METHODS IN BUSINESS DECISION MAKING (3)

Introduces applied research methods to guide managerial decision-making in a real-world practice. Topics include using quantitative and qualitative research methods by collecting data through surveys, questionnaires, observations, artifacts, focus groups, and desktop research. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: MAT 144 or MAT 145 and junior standing

BUS 489 SENIOR PROJECT IN BUSINESS (3)

Students work on projects related to topics covered within their major. They prepare a report and presentation based upon their project experiences that demonstrate their capacities to synthesize and apply knowledge from an organizational perspective. This course is only for students who are unable to complete an internship. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Senior standing

BUS 495 SENIOR SEMINAR IN BUSINESS (3)

Graduating seniors will be assessed on core business and university-wide learning outcomes through an assessment exam of core topics. The remainder of the course will prepare the student for life after graduation by topics such as career planning, networking, business etiquette, continuous learning, globalization and community service. Spring semester. Prerequisite: student should be graduating in the spring semester that the course is offered or the following fall semester.

BUS 498 BUSINESS INTERNSHIP (3)

Students work for individual employers in job activities that meet the objectives of the International School of Business, the employer, and the student. A learning agreement is developed between the student and a faculty mentor, who then ensures that the student’s knowledge is applied and utilized in the work setting. Fall and spring semesters. Prerequisite: Junior or senior standing.

BUS 499 RESEARCH TOPICS IN BUSINESS (3)

Students demonstrate their capacity to synthesize and apply knowledge from an organizational perspective by producing a comprehensive and integrated research paper and presentation focusing on a topic of interest to the student. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: Cumulative GPA of 2.75, senior standing and instructor permission.

CHM 115 GENERAL CHEMISTRY I (4)

Designed for science and pre-professional health majors. Topics include measurement, atomic theory and structure, electronic configuration, stoichiometry, chemical bonding, thermochemistry, states of matter, aqueous solutions and some descriptive chemistry. Includes laboratory. Fall semester. Co-requisite: MAT 140 or higher, or instructor permission.

CHM 116 GENERAL CHEMISTRY II (4)

Designed for science and pre-professional health majors. Topics include kinetics, equilibrium, thermodynamics, acids and bases, ionic equilibria, electrochemistry, nuclear chemistry, and some descriptive chemistry. Includes laboratory. Spring semester. Prerequisite: CHM 115.

CHM 121 ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY (4)

Introduces basic chemistry principles such as elements, compounds and mixtures, atomic structures and periodic properties, chemical bonding, aqueous solutions, acids and bases, and energy relationships. Discusses chemistry in the context of environmental issues, such as pollution and toxins, global climate change, acid rain, ozone depletion, and industrial technology. Includes laboratory. Offered as needed.

CHM 131 CHEMISTRY OF ARTISTS’ MATERIALS (4)

Covers basics of chemistry concepts, including elements, compounds, atoms, chemical bonding, the periodic table, acid-base and oxidation-reduction reactions, and basic inorganic and organic chemistry. These chemistry topics are studied in the context of artists’ materials: paints and dyes, paper, fibers and plastics, metals and alloys, ceramics and glass. Light and color of materials are examined. Includes laboratory. Spring semester, odd years. Art and Design students only or instructor permission.

CHM 141 FORENSIC SCIENCE (4)

Chemistry, physics, and biology play a central role in forensic science, which is based on detailed observation of crime scenes, as well as careful measurement and analysis of evidence. The scope of this course includes discovery at a crime scene, physical evidence; and analytical techniques for organic and inorganic materials. We will explore concepts related to physical and chemical evidence collection and processing, the chemistry of drugs and poisons, microscopic examination of evidence, biochemistry and DNA analysis, processing and evaluation of various impressions (e.g., shoe prints, fabric properties, and bloodstains), among other topics. Includes laboratory. Spring semesters, even years.

CHM 145 CHEMISTRY OF LIVING SYSTEMS (3)

Focuses on the chemical basis of biological processes. Surveys general, organic, and biochemistry. Specific topics include atomic and molecular structure, chemical change, organic compounds, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, metabolism, and hormones. Fall semesters. Prerequisites: Two years of high school science, BIO 111, or instructor permission.

CHM 215 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY I (4)

Introduces the theories, principles, and techniques of organic chemistry.  Topics include the structure, properties, and nomenclature of alkenes, alkynes, alcohols, ethers epoxides, amines, sulfur-containing compounds and alkyl halides, and their reaction mechanisms including synthesis, decomposition, substitution, and elimination. Further topics include isomerization, stereochemistry, and spectroscopy. Includes laboratory. Fall semester, even years. Prerequisite: CHM 116.

CHM 216 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II (4)

Continuation of Organic Chemistry I. Topics include the structure, properties, and nomenclature of carboxylic acids, aldehydes, ketones, benzene and substituted benzenes.  Introduces modern analytical techniques including mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, UV/vis Spectroscopy, and NMR spectroscopy.  Includes laboratory. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisite: CHM 215.

COM 101 INTRODUCTION TO mass COMMUNICATION (3)

This course provides an introduction to the study of mass communication, including a historical overview of the development of media technologies, industries, and theories. Students will learn to critically analyze media texts and understand the political, social, and cultural impact of the mass media in the United States. Fall semesters.

COM 102 media effects (3)

To what extent can media messages affect our attitudes, emotions, and behavior? This course provides students with a background in historical and contemporary approaches to the study of media effects and introduces key theories that have been derived from and/or driven by research. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: COM 101 or instructor permission.

COM 108 FUNDAMENTALS OF PUBLIC SPEAKING (3)

Preparation and delivery of informative and persuasive speeches in the classroom and beyond. Basic rhetorical principles to enrich understanding, analysis of professional speeches to inform, speaking and listening competencies, and the practice of sound ethics. Fall and spring semesters.

COM 201 NEW MEDIA & DIGITAL cultures (3)

In this survey, we will interrogate the social, cultural, and political ramifications of new media and digital technologies, including social media, mobile communication, and video games. We will also consider how these technologies shape issues such as identity formation, privacy and surveillance, and public discourse. Spring semester, even years.

COM 225 communication revolutions (3)

This course provides an overview of media history, paying particular attention to the emergence of new technologies. In this survey, we will interrogate the social, cultural, and political ramifications of communication technologies and identify the values and themes that have shaped our understanding of the relationships among media, technology, and culture from the 18th century to the present. Fall semester, even years.  Prerequisite: COM 101 or instructor permission.

COM 245 GENDER & COMMUNICATION (3)

This course will examine the media’s role in the social construction of gender and draw on a wide range of thought from disciplines including cultural studies, queer theory, film theory, gender studies, and feminist media studies. We will explore theories and representations of binary gender (masculinity and femininity) as well as non-binary identities. Although gender will be our primary focus, we will also discuss its intersections with race, class, and sexuality.  Fall semester, even years.

COM 250 TOPICS IN COMMUNICATION (3)

Provides an opportunity to gain an introductory level of understanding of major fields within communication. Topics may include Interpersonal Communication and Internet Journalism. Spring semester, odd years.

COM 275 FAN CULTURES (3)

This course will examine fan cultures, practices, and communities, paying particular attention to how ideas of fandom have changed over time and how they may be linked to other facets of identity, such as gender, class, or ethnicity. We will survey work from the interdisciplinary field of fan studies, explore the relationships between media technologies and fan cultures, and discuss fans as both consumers and producers of culture. Fall semester, odd years. Prerequisite: COM 101 or instructor permission.

COM 350 TOPICS IN COMMUNICATION (3)

Provides students an opportunity for in-depth exploration of an aspect of the field of communication not dealt with extensively in other communication courses. Spring semester, even years. Prerequisite: COM 101.

COM 353 analyzing media (3)

In this course, students will learn and apply qualitative methods (e.g., archival research, textual analysis, in-depth interviewing) to the study of media texts and audiences. Students will learn to craft research questions and gain experience collecting, analyzing, and reporting data by designing and implementing a research project on a media phenomenon of their choosing. Fall semester, odd years. Prerequisite: COM 102.

COM 356 Television & culture (3)

This course will provide students with an overview of the cultural history of television and the analytical tools and theoretical perspectives necessary for the critical evaluation of television texts. Focusing on an American context, we will examine the development of television technologies, changes in industrial practices and regulation, and representations of race, gender, class, and sexuality. Fall semester, odd years. Prerequisite: COM 101 or instructor permission.

COM 367 popular music & identity (3)

This course will interrogate the idea that “the experience of pop music is an experience of identity.” In addition to introducing students to the field of popular music studies, this course will examine the relationships among the music industry, performers, fans, and cultural values from the 20^th century to the present. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisite: COM 101 or instructor permission.

COM 372 media & cultural theory (3)

This course provides an overview of the development of communication, media, and cultural studies theory in North America and Western Europe. We will examine key thinkers and concepts and explore how the historical and sociocultural contexts of scholars influenced their thinking about media texts, industries, and audiences. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisite: COM 102.

COM 389 Internship in communication (1-3)

This experiential learning opportunity focuses on exploring career interests, applying knowledge from the classroom, and developing practical on-the-job skills. Students are responsible for establishing their own internships. The internship may be taken for one, two, or three credit hours, with a minimum of 20 hours of supervised on-site work per credit hour. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Cumulative GPA of at least 2.7 and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

COM 495 CAPSTONE PREP COURSE (1)

Prepares students for COM 499 Senior Capstone. Students will be introduced to the requirements of the capstone experience, determine their topic, and develop a prospectus. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Senior standing and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

COM 499 SENIOR CAPSTONE IN COMMUNICATION (3)

Students prepare a research thesis on a topic of interest to the student. The thesis is intended to demonstrate the student’s ability to synthesize and apply knowledge. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: Senior status and instructor permission.

CPT 202 DIGITAL MEDIA FOR BUSINESS (3)

Application of digital technologies, blogging, website design, social media marketing, video conferencing, live online video, podcasting and online presentations. Students develop a multimedia project incorporating the technologies learned in the course. Fall and spring semesters.

CRJ 101 INTRODUCTION TO CRIMINAL JUSTICE (3)

Covers the traditional components of the criminal justice system including police, courts, and corrections, along with general influences of community, family, legislation, and victims’ rights groups on the criminal justice system. Fall semesters.

CRJ 202 POLICING (3)

The roles and responsibilities of the police officer during the activity of patrol. Discussion of the types of patrols, and the role of an officer in traffic stops, prowler calls, felonies in progress, suicide, hostage calls, and group disturbances. Spring semesters.

CRJ 205 CRIMINAL LAW (3)

The elements, purposes, and functions of criminal law. Also covers sources of criminal law, contempt and conspiracy, criminal responsibility, defenses to crime, laws of arrest, search and seizure, and other laws. Actual cases are studied. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or instructor permission.

CRJ 240 CONTEMPORARY CORRECTIONS (3)

Examines the current issues with mass incarceration, prison environment and prison privatization. The course will also address current theoretical and applied practices within prisons (including but not limited to different incarceration levels), community corrections and community reintegration after incarceration. Spring semesters.

CRJ 250 TOPICS IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE (3)

Provides the opportunity to gain an introductory level of understanding of major fields within criminal justice. Topics may include private security, emergency management, murder in the U.S., critical issues in policing, and sex crimes. Offered as needed.

CRJ 260 VICTIMOLOGY (3)

Victims are the other portion of the criminal act. Investigates the history, development of the field of victimology, and structural responses to victims. Spring semester, even years.

CRJ 304 COMMUNITY POLICING (3)

Community policing involves a rethinking of the role of the police and a restructuring of a police organization. Emphasizes the community/police collaboration, interpersonal skills, dealing with diversity, interacting with special needs populations, and coordinated crime prevention efforts in the community. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisite: CRJ 202.

CRJ 325 COMMUNITY CORRECTIONS (3)

Focuses on corrections policy and practice in a community setting. The topics covered will be community corrections, probation, parole and the impact of current corrections policy on the community. Fall semester, even years. Prerequisite: CRJ 240.

CRJ 345 CRIME AND INEQUALITY (3)

Explores the social phenomenon of inequality in the criminal justice system. Incorporates economic, racial, ethnic and gender components and the relationship with the criminal justice system. Spring semester, even years. Prerequisite: CRJ 101.

CRJ 350 TOPICS IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE (3)

In-depth exploration of aspects of the field of criminal justice not covered extensively in other courses. Topics may include conflict resolution, police administration, constitutional law, and women and minorities in criminal justice. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: CRJ 101 or instructor permission.

CRJ 389 Internship in criminal justice (1-3)

This experiential learning opportunity focuses on exploring career interests, applying knowledge from the classroom, and developing practical on-the-job skills. Students are responsible for establishing their own internships. The internship may be taken for one, two, or three credit hours, with a minimum of 20 hours of supervised on-site work per credit hour. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Cumulative GPA of at least 2.7 and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

CRJ 420 CORPORATE CRIME (3)

Criminology and crime prevention tend to focus primarily on street crime. Investigates the theories of corporate crime, types of crime, and punishment of offenders. Fall semester, odd years. Prerequisite: CRJ 101.

CRJ 471 CRIME AND PUBLIC POLICY (3)

Cross-listed with SOC 471. Focuses on the theoretical basis for crime policy, the empirical work utilizing theory, and the efficacy of the policies. Investigates how social policy is developed, amended and enacted. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 and SOC 290.

CRJ 491 COMPARATIVE CRIMINAL JUSTICE (3)

Examines the criminal justice system within a global context. Discusses theories of criminality, deviance and punishment within socio-political context of the different countries studied as well as the comparison between the countries. Within this framework, students will examine theories of crime. This course will be offered at the University of Tampere, Finland in the May term. Prerequisite: SOC 290 or concurrent registration.

CRJ 495 CAPSTONE PREP COURSE (1)

Prepares students for CRJ 499 Senior Capstone. Students will be introduced to the requirements of the capstone experience, determine their topic, and develop a prospectus. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Senior standing and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

CRJ 499 SENIOR CAPSTONE IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE (3)

Students prepare a research thesis on a topic of interest to the student. The thesis is intended to demonstrate the student’s ability to synthesize and apply knowledge. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: Senior status and instructor permission.

DRM 113, 114, 213, 214, 313, 314 THEATER PRODUCTION (3)

Students participate in all phases of the production of a Finlandia University play. Class activities typically involve cooperation with children and adults in the community. Spring semesters.

DRM 135 SET DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION (1)

Cross-listed with ARD 135. Classroom and Studio: hands-on application of the principles of modern set design and construction for the theatre. Students will learn the fundamentals of theatre design. Design process from script analysis, justification, research, incubation, and implementation. This course is designed to expand creative concepts of visual composition through interpretation and practice in the field of Theatre: scenic set design, application and construction. Other various aspects will be covered in relation to: Scene, Lighting, Sound, Costume, Property and Projection. Spring semesters.

ECN 231 MICROECONOMICS (3)

Studies the choices that individuals, businesses, governments, and societies make when coping with scarcity. Topics include supply and demand, market structures, production and cost concepts, labor markets, and the government’s role in the economy. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: MAT 144 or higher.

ECN 232 MACROECONOMICS (3)

Begins with overview of market operations, then studies a nation’s macroeconomy, including measurement of its production, price level, and employment, theories of how a macroeconomy functions, government’s role in regulating a macro-economy, the banking system, monetary policy, and the Federal Reserve System. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: MAT 144 or higher.

ECN 331 GLOBAL ECONOMY (3)

Studies gains and losses from international trade, trade barriers, and regional economic groupings, operation of foreign exchange markets, balance of payments accounts, and macroeconomic effects of international transactions. Fall semester, even years. Prerequisites: ECN 231 and ECN 232.

ENG 101 BASIC GRAMMAR AND COMPOSITION (3)

Designed to improve the student’s reading and writing skills. Emphasis on perfecting the paragraph and writing grammatically correct, effective sentences as preparation for the essay. Fall and spring semesters.

ENG 103 COLLEGE ENGLISH I (3-4)

Designed to improve the student’s reading, writing, and critical thinking skills, and to give the student a broad understanding of culture and society. Emphasis is on essay writing and critical analysis of non-fiction and literary works. A 1-credit recitation section may be required based on placement, and it must be successfully completed (pass/fail only) in order to pass the lecture. Fall and spring semesters.

ENG 104 COLLEGE ENGLISH II (3)

Builds on skills acquired in ENG 103. Emphasis is on writing essays and completing a research paper. Includes critical examination of fiction and non-fiction. Fall and spring semesters. Prerequisite: ENG 103 or instructor permission.

ENG 105 THE ENGLISH MAJOR (1)

Designed to introduce students to the field of English, including its history, methods, and goals. Required course work and career possibilities for the field (including graduate school) are also discussed. Activities may include guest speakers, interviews, and site visits. Fall semesters. Pass/fail only.

ENG 150 Topics: AMERICAN CULTURE AND LANGUAGE (3)

This class is designed for students whose first language is not English. Critical thinking, reading, writing, and presentation skills will be emphasized. Class assignments and field trips will increase students’ understanding of American culture and traditions, and American academic English. Offered as needed. For international students only.

ENG 203 ENGLISH SEMINAR (1)

This seminar will offer an encouraging and intellectually challenging environment. Students will be interacting with professional writers who are interested in literature and the world of ideas. A variety of writers will read from their work (published or in-progress), and discuss how it fits into the larger world of letters. Discussion may also include the writing process, literary craft, and publishing. Offered as needed.

ENG 219 Creative WRITING (3)

Introduction to the writing of fiction, poetry, and the literary essay. Includes a variety of readings to support student writing. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: ENG 104 or instructor permission.

ENG 231 SURVEY OF AMERICAN LITERATURE I (3)

Survey of American Literature in a historical context from its beginning to 1900. Introduces the student to literary movements and major writers. Fall semester, even years. Prerequisite: ENG 103 or instructor permission.

ENG 232 SURVEY OF AMERICAN LITERATURE II (3)

Survey of American Literature in a historical context from 1900 to present. Introduces the student to literary movements and major writers. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisite: ENG 103 or instructor permission.

ENG 241 SURVEY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE I (3)

Chronological survey of English literature from Beowulf to 1789, concentrating on major figures and works. Fall semester, odd years. Prerequisite: ENG 103 or instructor permission.

ENG 242 SURVEY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE II (3)

Chronological survey of English literature from 1789 to the current day, concentrating on major figures and works. Spring semester, even years. Prerequisite: ENG 103 or instructor permission.

ENG 252 MONSTROUS LITERATURE (3)

Examine depictions of monstrosity in both classical and contemporary literature and consider what such “monstrous literature” can tell us about how we see the world and ourselves. Readings may include Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, the Call of Cthulu, I am Legend, Grendel, and No Country for Old Men. Fall semester, even years. Prerequisite: ENG 103 or instructor permission.

ENG 263 SURVEY OF WORLD LITERATURE (3)

Survey of continental European literature from the Ancient World to the present. Introduces the student to major writers and includes historical background and literary movements. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisite: ENG 103 or instructor permission.

ENG 270 STUDIES IN THE NOVEL (3)

Focuses on a single literary form and will explore the form of the novel through an in-depth examination. Students will become acquainted with relevant criticism, form, socio-historical contexts, and influence of the genre. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: ENG 103 or instructor permission.

ENG 275 STUDIES IN POETRY (3)

Introduces students to the basic elements of poetry, including its development through early forms to the present. It will also explore poetry’s role in determining expressions of authentic self-hood and true calling. We will study, compose, workshop, revise, and publicly read poetry, while also reflecting on the process and final product of poetic practice. Spring semester, even years. Prerequisite: ENG 103 or instructor permission.

ENG 288 RHETORIC AND PERSUASION (3)

This course in classical and contemporary rhetorical theory uses theories of language, representation, and communication to critique public discourse and create oral and written arguments designed for the public sphere. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: ENG 104.

ENG 291 FILM AS ART (3)

Evaluates films of different genres and introduces film history and the terminology of film criticism. Spring semester, even years. Prerequisite: ENG 104 or instructor permission.

ENG 302 ENVIRONMENTAL LITERATURE (3)

Although environmental awareness and related ecological concerns are generally understood as modern phenomena, humanity has always been engaged in a struggle to understand, navigate, and even master the world around us. This course will study the ways that both contemporary and classical literature represent, interrogate, and even complicate environmental issues and themes. Fall semester, odd years.

ENG 310 NORDIC LITERATURE (3)

Cross-listed with FNS 310. Surveys the literature of Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland and their colonies. Examines traditional folklore and mythologies as well as modern novels, dramas and poetry. Reflects on the ways in which these various national literatures are both related and distinct, and considers what elements unite them across language and geography. Fall semester, odd years.

ENG 315 BRITISH COMMONWEALTH LITERATURE (3)

Covers literature of the British Commonwealth. The cultural and historical diversity as well as distinctive literary development of the British Commonwealth will be explored. Offered as needed.

ENG 316 AFRICAN AMERICAN LITERATURE (3)

Examines the rich contributions made to American literature by African American writers of fiction, nonfiction, and poetry. The historical and ongoing struggle for freedom, equality and justice in America will be a major course theme. Most readings will be from after 1950. Spring semesters, odd years. Prerequisite: ENG 104.

ENG 323 ADVANCED WRITING (3)

All good writing is rewriting. This intensive writing course seeks to hone skills while developing each student’s unique voice primarily through a workshop format. A broad range of writing styles and genres will be explored, with an emphasis on creative non-fiction. Students will create a professional portfolio and are encouraged to submit their work for publication. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisite: ENG 104; English 219 highly recommended.

ENG 332 GREAT BOOKS OF THE UNITED STATES: AMERICAN LITERARY LANDSCAPE (3)

Focuses on reading and discussing major American authors such as Twain, Thoreau, Cather, Fitzgerald, Faulkner, or Plath. Fall semester, odd years.

ENG 340 AUTHOR’S SERIES (3)

Provides an intensive study of a limited number of major authors or single novels. Fall semester, even years.

ENG 350 TOPICS IN LITERATURE OR ENGLISH (3)

Offers the student the opportunity to explore a subgenre or theme in literature not found in the regular offerings. Topics might examine a single author such as Shakespeare, a group such as the Lost Generation, a literary time such as the Victorian, a region such as the British Commonwealth, a national literature such as Canada, a literary movement such as Modernism. Offered as needed.

ENG 360 KALEVALA (3)

Cross-listed with FNS 360. Immortalized as Finland’s national epic, the Kalevala encapsulates ancient Finnish folk traditions. This course will detail the historical development of the Kalevala poetry tradition, its development and structure as a literary work, its use as an anthropological text, and its use as a political and cultural icon of Finnish identity. Spring semester, odd years.

ENG 375 LITERATURE and POLITICS (3)

The intersection of literature and politics and their dynamic historical frameworks will be considered. Students will reflect on questions raised by various literary masterpieces and how literature can explore fundamental questions of human and political life. Various authors and cultural commentators will be examined. Fall semester, odd years.

ENG 380 LITERARY CRITICISM (3)

To understand literature one must be able to engage with the work in a careful, active manner. Reading is a skill as much as writing, and this is the art of literary criticism. Examines the history of literary criticism from Plato to today, and considers how the act of reading shapes our understanding not only of the work we read, but of the world which produced it. Spring semester, even years. Prerequisite: Junior or senior standing.

ENG 390 LITERATURE AND GENDER (3)

Examines descriptions, constructions, and interrogations of gender and related issues in canonical literary works from the Classical age to the contemporary period. Fall semester, even years.

ENG 389 Internship in English (1-3)

This experiential learning opportunity focuses on exploring career interests, applying knowledge from the classroom, and developing practical on-the-job skills. Students are responsible for establishing their own internships. The internship may be taken for one, two, or three credit hours, with a minimum of 20 hours of supervised on-site work per credit hour. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Cumulative GPA of at least 2.7 and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

ENG 401 NATIVE AMERICA LITERATURE (3)

This class will use history as the touchstone for further readings in novels, short fiction, poetry, film, and other visual storytelling by Native American artists. Emphasis will be on the 20th and 21st centuries and include diverse array of indigenous voices and media through which Native artists tell their own stories and histories and intervene in popular culture, American myth and present social realities. Spring semester, even years.

ENG 403 CULTURES IN CONFLICT (3)

Designed to give a deeper and broader understanding of major conflicts around the globe, analyzing their effects on human societies and the environment through various works of fiction. Focuses on literary works written by under-represented writers, exploring territories as diverse as a war-torn neighborhood of Afghanistan, a rural village in Africa, or an Indian community in Calcutta. Texts may include historical analyses, criticism, fiction, poetry, literary journalism, and drama. Spring semester, odd years.

ENG 495 CAPSTONE PREP COURSE (1)

Prepares students for ENG 499 Senior Capstone. Students will be introduced to the requirements of the capstone experience, determine their topic, and develop a prospectus. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Senior standing and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

ENG 499 SENIOR CAPSTONE IN ENGLISH (3)

Students prepare a research thesis on a topic of interest to the student. The thesis is intended to demonstrate the student’s ability to synthesize and apply knowledge. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: Senior status and instructor permission.

ENV 202 INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES (3)

Incorporates environmental science, literature, and ethics, giving students a hands-on appreciation of the human relationship with the natural world through field trips, academic study, and personal reflection. Introduces students to environmental challenges at the personal, regional, and global levels. Offered as needed.

ENV 401 ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND LAW (3)

This course examines the role of government and citizens in formulating, implementing, and enforcing environmental policy. Students investigate the formal and informal mechanisms involved in controlling pollution and protecting the environment. The pros and cons of regulatory and economic approaches to pollution control are considered. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: ENV 202.

ESL 101 READING I (Beginner Level) (4)

Students read a broad range of texts, including simple stories and articles with basic vocabulary. Focus is on building vocabulary and improving students’ understanding of written English through reading, writing, and talking about various texts. Offered as needed.

ESL 102 WRITING I (Beginner Level) (4)

Students learn to write simple sentences and paragraphs in English. Students are introduced to both formal and informal styles of writing. Offered as needed.

ESL 104 ORAL COMMUNICATION (Beginner Level) (4)

Designed to improve the student’s speaking skills and listening comprehension. Emphasis is on gaining confidence to speak English for a wide variety of purposes. Students go on field trips to local stores, businesses, schools, and organizations, where they learn to communicate effectively with local residents. Offered as needed.

ESL 105 GRAMMAR I (Beginner Level) (3)

Vocabulary and grammatical structures are taught in context, and students will apply what they learn in essays and other writing assignments. Offered as needed.

ESL 111 READING II (Intermediate Level) (4)

Students read a broad range of texts, from simple stories and articles with basic vocabulary to more advanced readings from newspapers and magazines. Fiction and more challenging academic texts will be gradually introduced. Emphasis is on building vocabulary and refining students’ understanding of written English through reading, writing, and talking about various texts. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: ESL Placement Assessment Test.

ESL 112 WRITING II (Intermediate Level) (4)

This class helps students write more clearly and fluently in English. Vocabulary and grammatical structures will be taught in context, and students apply what they learn in essays and other written assignments. During the second semester, more emphasis is placed on academic and business writing, with practice in summarizing, creating arguments, and documenting sources. Readings and writing assignments improve students’ understanding of American culture, history, and politics. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: ESL Placement Assessment Test.

ESL 114 ACADEMIC LISTENING AND SPEAKING (Intermediate Level) (4)

This class is designed to improve students’ speaking skills and listening comprehension. During the second semester, emphasis is on academic listening and speaking. Students make short oral presentations and gain practice taking notes in English from lectures, video recordings, and other sources. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: ESL Placement Assessment Test.

ESL 115 GRAMMAR II (Intermediate Level) (4)

Vocabulary and grammatical structures are taught in context, and students apply what they learn in essays and other writing assignments. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: ESL Placement Assessment Test.

ESL 121 READING III (High Intermediate-Advanced Level) (4)

Students read a broad range of texts, from stories and articles to more advanced readings from newspapers and magazines. Fiction and more challenging academic texts will be introduced. Emphasis is on building vocabulary and refining students’ understanding of written English through reading, writing, and talking about various texts. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: ESL Placement Assessment Test.

ESL 122 WRITING III (High Intermediate-Advanced Level) (4)

This class helps students write more clearly and fluently in English. Vocabulary and grammatical structures will be taught in context, and students apply what they learn in essays and other written assignments. Emphasis is placed on academic and business writing, with practice in summarizing, creating arguments, and documenting sources. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: ESL Placement Assessment Test.

ESL 124 ACADEMIC LISTENING AND SPEAKING III (High Intermediate-Advanced Level) (4)

This class is designed to improve students’ speaking skills, listening comprehension, and note-taking skills. Students make oral presentations and gain practice taking notes in English from lectures, video recordings, and other sources. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: ESL Placement Assessment Test.

ESL 125 GRAMMAR III (High Intermediate-Advanced Level) (3)

More advanced grammatical structures and nuances of style are taught in this class. Students learn a range of styles appropriate to different academic subjects. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: ESL Placement Assessment Test.

ESL 131 READING IV (Advanced Level) (4)

Students read a broad range of texts, from stories and articles to more advanced readings from newspapers and magazines. Fiction and more challenging academic texts will be emphasized. Students’ understanding of written English will be encouraged through reading, writing, and talking about various texts. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: ESL Placement Assessment Test.

ESL 132 WRITING IV (Advanced Level) (4)

This class helps prepare international students for academic writing in American Universities, with a focus on creating arguments and documenting sources. Readings and writing assignments improve students’ understanding of American culture, history, and politics. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: ESL Placement Assessment Test.

ESL 134 ACADEMIC LISTENING AND SPEAKING IV (Advanced Level) (4)

This class is a continuation of ESL 124, designed to further refine students’ speaking, listening, and note-taking skills. This class prepares students for academic work In American universities, helping international students participate in and lead class discussions. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: ESL Placement Assessment Test.

ESL 135 GRAMMAR IV (Advanced Level) (4)

This class is designed to further refine students’ grasp of English grammar, preparing them for success in American university classrooms. Grammar is integrated into speaking, reading, and writing assignments. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: ESL Placement Assessment Test.

FNS 150 TOPICS IN FINNISH AND NORDIC STUDIES (3)

Explores the social, political, economic, and cultural aspects of life in Finland today. Through lectures, reading, and discussion students will discover current issues and contemporary topics to gain an understanding of the Finnish perspective. Offered as needed.

FNS 151 ELEMENTARY FINNISH I (4)

Students learn the basics of the Finnish language. Classwork is based heavily on the oral skills of pronunciation and speaking. Grammar, vocabulary, hearing exercises, and written skills are also covered. Tervetuloa! Fall semester, even years.

FNS 152 ELEMENTARY FINNISH II (4)

Deepens understanding of the Finnish language. Students learn additional vocabulary, practice oral communication skills, and write short essays. Grammar and hearing exercises are also part of the course. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisite: FNS 151 with a grade of C or higher.

FNS 221 HISTORY AND CULTURE OF FINLAND (3)

Explores the country of Finland and its many aspects. Students gain an understanding of Finland as a modern nation. Topics include major historical periods of Finland, lifestyle, culture and mentality, education, politics and society, nature, and population. Fall and spring semesters.

FNS 251 INTERMEDIATE FINNISH I (4)

The main emphasis of this class is on oral and written Finnish. Grammar, vocabulary, hearing, and reading comprehension exercises are part of the course. Students plan and present a 20-minute oral project at the conclusion of the class. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: FNS 152 with a grade of C or higher.

FNS 252 INTERMEDIATE FINNISH II (4)

Emphasis on oral and written Finnish. Grammar, vocabulary, hearing, and reading comprehension exercises are part of the course. Students plan and present a 20-minute oral project at the conclusion of the class. The project is presented to the first-year Finnish language class. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: FNS 251 with a grade of C or higher.

FNS 310 NORDIC LITERATURE (3)

Cross-listed with ENG 310. Surveys the literature of Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Iceland and their colonies. Examines traditional folklore and mythologies as well as modern novels, dramas and poetry. Reflects on the ways in which these various national literatures are both related and distinct, and considers what elements unite them across language and geography. Fall semester, odd years. Prerequisite: ENG 103 or instructor permission.

FNS 316 GENDER IN NORDIC SOCIETY (3)

Cross-listed with GSS 316. This course explores the notion of gender within Scandinavian cultures with an emphasis on 20th and 21st centuries. Topics include Nordic feminisms, LGBT issues, the welfare state and its resultant emphasis on gender equality as well as gender issues in minority and immigrant groups. Fall semester, even years. Prerequisite: ENG 104.

FNS 330 SÁMI HISTORY AND CULTURE (3)

Cross-listed with ANT 330. Europe’s only recognized indigenous people, the Sámi are an ethnic community from Northern Scandinavia related linguistically and culturally to Finns. This class will explore Sami peoples in historical, sociological, anthropological, and indigenous studies contexts. Sami traditional arts, subsistence practices, religious traditions, and political movements will receive special attention. Fall semester, odd years.

FNS 350 TOPICS IN FINNISH AND NORDIC STUDIES (3)

Offers the student the opportunity to study a particular aspect of Finnish culture or society. Topics may include Finnish literature in translation, Finnish film, study of Finland’s national epic The Kalevala, and others. Offered as needed.

FNS 360 KALEVALA (3)

Cross-listed with ENG 360. Immortalized as Finland’s national epic, the Kalevala encapsulates ancient Finnish folk traditions. This course will detail the historical development of the Kalevala poetry tradition, its development and structure as a literary work, its use as an anthropological text, and its use as a political and cultural icon of Finnish identity. Spring semester, odd years.

FNS 375 FINNISH-AMERICAN LITERATURE (3)

Examines the major themes and influences on the literature by Finnish North Americans in English, from the late 1800s through the present. Generational aspects from first, second, third and fourth generation immigrants will be studied across a selection of fiction, poetry, and creative nonfiction. Offered as needed.

FNS 377 FINNISH-AMERICAN CULTURE (3)

Examines Finnish-American culture through concepts noted as evidence of Finnishness within the Finnish-American community including aspects of culture connoted by various media, foodways, music, crafts, recreation, and folkloric and literacy practices. Offered as needed.

FNS 490 PALOHEIMO FELLOWS SEMINAR (3)

Seminar in Finnish culture and society as well as anthropological qualitative research methods including 2.5-week collaborative research project in Finland to take place immediately following spring semester. Enrollment by accepted application in fall term. Students build communication, professional development, and team-based research skills. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: Junior standing and instructor approval.

FNS 495 Capstone Prep Course (1)

Prepares students for FNS 499 Senior Capstone. Students will be introduced to the requirements of the capstone experience, determine their topic, and develop a prospectus. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Senior standing and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

FNS 499 Senior Capstone in Finnish & Nordic Studies (3)

Students prepare a research thesis on a topic of interest to the student. The thesis is intended to demonstrate the student’s ability to synthesize and apply knowledge. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: Senior status and instructor permission.

FRN 199 General Education Requirement Fulfilled By Transfer

This designation is for French language courses transferred to Finlandia University.

GEO 201 World Regional Geography (3)

This course introduces human geography by investigating the relationships between human society and the environment across global regions.  It emphasizes how different political, cultural, economic, educational, and religious views affect, and are affected by, landforms, vegetation, climate, and natural resources.  Offered as needed.

GEO 350 TOPICS IN GEOGRAPHY (3)

This course gives students an opportunity to investigate in greater depth aspects of the field of geography not covered extensively in other courses. Topics may include cultural or economic geography, the geography of Africa, the Pacific Rim, Europe, Michigan, and others. Offered as needed.

GSS 201 Foundations in Gender & SEXUALITY Studies (3)

Foundational knowledge, theories, and methods examining the experience of gender and sexuality historically and across the globe are examined. Major theories concerning gender and sexuality, including feminist and queer theories, and interdisciplinary perspectives on research in gender and sexuality are discussed.  Spring semesters, even years.

gss 316 GENDER IN NORDIC SOCIETY (3)

Cross-listed with FNS 316. This course explores the notion of gender within Scandinavian cultures with an emphasis on 20th and 21st centuries. Topics include Nordic feminisms, LGBT issues, the welfare state and its resultant emphasis on gender equality as well as gender issues in minority and immigrant groups. Fall semester, even years. Prerequisite: ENG 104.

HCM 321 EPIDEMIOLOGY IN HEALTHCARE (3)

Focuses on the principles governing the study and practice of epidemiology. Explores the methodologies available to health professionals for selecting and measuring factors of interest, describing their distribution, detecting associations, and identifying populations at risk. Common epidemiological research designs are addressed. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: MAT 144 or higher.

HCM 352 HEALTHCARE LAW & ETHICS (3)

Explores legal and ethical issues fundamental to the practice of healthcare and health-related research. Provides an overview of events and milestones that have shaped contemporary regulation. Topics include information privacy, confidentiality, informed consent, licensing, and malpractice. Ethical decision-making models are explored for ensuring quality, safety, and appropriateness of services. Spring semesters.

HCM 412 HEALTHCARE DELIVERY (3)

Provides a systems-level analysis of healthcare policy on access, equity, affordability, and social justice in delivery of services. Legislative, regulatory, and financial processes relevant to the organization and provision of services are examined with attention to their impact on quality and safety in the practice environment and disparities in the healthcare system. Fall semesters. Prerequisites: ECN 231, HCM 352.

HCM 426 HEALTHCARE FINANCE (3)

Prepares healthcare managers for the responsibilities involved in maintaining a healthcare organization. Financial risk and insurance principles and mechanisms for healthcare reimbursement, including Medicare, Medicaid, and other payor programs, are also explained. The course explores the financial, political, and economic aspects of universal healthcare. Fall semesters. Prerequisites: ECN 231, BUS 200 or BUS201.

HCM 432 HEALTHCARE QUALITY (3)

Focuses on major quality and safety issues within healthcare organizations. Methods of assessing quality and techniques for improving quality are considered as well as opportunities for preventing adverse events. Includes current requirements for reporting indicators of quality and pay-for-performance initiatives to reward quality. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: BUS 271, HCM 321, HCM 412.

HCM 442 HEALTHCARE INFORMATION SYSTEMS (3)

Examines the application and use of information technology in clinical and managerial decision-making. Emphasizes information technology that supports the delivery of services including the collection, storage, retrieval, and communication of data; information systems safeguards; ethical and legal issues; and information management that promotes patient safety and quality of care. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: HCM 412.

HCM 499 SENIOR CAPSTONE (3)

Provides an opportunity for students to synthesize the knowledge and skills gained from the program of study through a written paper or project. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: Final course in curriculum.

HIS 103 HISTORY OF ART I (3)

Examines sculpture, architecture, and painting from pre-history through the medieval periods of Western Civilization. It also explores the arts of non-Western cultures. Fall semesters.

HIS 203 HISTORY OF ART II (3)

Explores sculpture, architecture, painting, and other art forms of Western and non-Western cultures from the Gothic period to the early 20th century. Spring semesters.

HIS 205 WORLD HISTORY I (3)

Employs a global perspective to examine the transformative nature and diversity of human experience from pre-historic societies through the 16th century. Political, economic, social, and cultural phenomena associated with the beginnings of human society, early civilizations, the emergence of pastoral peoples, classical traditions, world religions, and empires are surveyed. Fall semester, odd years.

HIS 206 WORLD HISTORY II (3)

Explores how different societies have responded to common concerns since 1500 C.E. Reveals the rise of the “West” and its impact as circumstantial rather than predetermined. Surveys the ways in which Western imperialism was uneven, subject to resistance, and colored by indigenous practice and agency. Special consideration is directed to critiques of “globalization” and its relationship to social justice, human rights, and cultural diversity. Spring semester, even years.

HIS 211 US HISTORY TO 1865 (3)

The history of the United States from the pre-contact period through the colonial encounter, the Age of Revolution, the early national period, the sectional crisis, the Civil War, to the close of Reconstruction. It examines the political, economic, ideological, socio-cultural, territorial-environmental, and demographic development of American society from both local and global perspectives. Fall semester, even years.

HIS 212 US HISTORY FROM 1865 (3)

The history of the United States from the end of Reconstruction through the Nadir, the Industrial Age, transformations associated with urbanization, World Wars, the Great Depression, the Post War period, the Civil Rights Movement, to the new millennium’s intensifying global exchanges. Examines the political, economic, ideological, socio-cultural, territorial-environmental, and demographic development of modern American society from both national and global perspectives. Spring semester, odd years.

HIS 256 HISTORY THROUGH FILM (3)

Utilizes films, along with primary and secondary sources, to examine a special topic in history. Topics include: The Atomic Age, America in the 1970s, America in the 1980s, Cold War America, and Women and Gender History. Spring semester, odd years.

HIS 263 HISTORY OF ROCK & ROLL (3)

A cultural/social/political/economic history of America and of globalization, all through the lens of postwar popular music. Topics include: race relations, identity politics, sexuality and gender, drug use, poverty, censorship, globalization, and transnational protest movements. Spring semester, even years.

HIS 280 ENERGY AND WORLD POWER (3)

Examines non-renewable resources and their role in world history. Topics include petroleum extraction and consumption; Standard Oil; WWI and the petroleum-military revolution; post-WWI Middle East geopolitics; oil’s role in WWII; petroleum economics; OPEC; oil alternatives; including nuclear power, and the future of global energy. Fall semester, odd years.

HIS 303 HISTORY OF ART III (3)

Survey of major movements and modern perspectives in 20th and 21st-century art. Media Art consisting of photography, video and computer-generated imagery will also be discussed. The social and political context of each is examined. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: HIS 103 or HIS 203.

HIS 310 20TH CENTURY WORLD (3)

The most destructive period in human history, the 20th century- witnessed numerous radical political ideologies, cultural shifts, and social revolutions. Major themes include: Imperialism and Modernity, The Revolutions, World Wars I & II, Ideologies (Communism, Fascism, Maoism), Economic Worldviews, Post-Colonialism, and the Post-Cold War world. Spring semester, odd years.

HIS 320 RISE OF AMERICAN CAPITALISM (3)

Examines the growth of the U.S. economy as a whole, with special emphasis on: technological innovation; entrepreneurship; business structures; economic theory; political economy; marketing and mass media; business cycles; depressions and recessions; business trends; and the major innovators in US business history. Fall semester, even years. Prerequisite: ENG 104.

HIS 330 AMERICAN ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY (3)

U.S. Environmental History since pre-European discovery. Topics include Native American environmental practices vs. colonial paradigms, environmental exploitation and market forces, conceptions of nature, ecological imperialism, conservationism vs. preservationism, water and westward expansion, national parks, radical environmentalism, natural resource scarcity, nuclear concerns, and climate change debates. Spring semester, even years. Prerequisite: ENG 104.

HIS 340 COLD WAR AMERICA (3)

The Cold War was the post-WWII struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union for global, economic, ideological, and cultural hegemony. Course topics include political leaders, social movements, cultural trends, intellectuals in action, technological innovations, foreign policy, covert-ops, and legacies in American life. Fall semester, odd years. Prerequisite: ENG 104.

HIS 350 TOPICS IN HISTORY (3)

Offers an opportunity to explore topics either not found or only lightly touched on in history courses. Topics may include U.S. history from the 1960s to the 1990s, nationalism in the modern world, modern Russian history, oral history, and history of the Upper Peninsula and the Copper Country. Offered as needed.

HIS 360 AMERICA IN THE WORLD (3)

History of U.S. foreign relations. Topics include: Early American diplomacy; westward expansion; global dimensions of American wars; ideological, economic, and political influence on foreign policy; major figures in American diplomacy; how race, class, and gender interpretations shape the discipline; covert operations & intelligence; domestic influence on/responses to US foreign relations. Fall semester, odd years or as needed. Prerequisite: ENG 104.

HIS 370 THE MIDDLE EAST (3)

A regional history that examines the political/cultural/social/religious history of the Middle East. Topics include: Islam; the Crusades; Women and Gender in the Middle East; the Gunpowder Empires; Orientalism; WW I and colonialism; Oil; Sufism; Radical Islam; Representations of the Middle East in popular culture; the Israeli-Palestinian conflict; Persian Gulf Wars. Spring semester, odd years or as needed. Prerequisite: ENG 104.

HIS 390 GLOBAL WOMEN’S AND GENDER HISTORY (3)

Examines women’s experiences in modern global history, with an emphasis on America, Europe, and the Middle East. Major themes include: Gender and its construction; women and work; gender in the age of total war; suffrage; modern politics; feminism and its discontents; & representations in pop culture. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: A 200-level history course.

HIS 389 Internship in History (1-3)

This experiential learning opportunity focuses on exploring career interests, applying knowledge from the classroom, and developing practical on-the-job skills. Students are responsible for establishing their own internships. The internship may be taken for one, two, or three credit hours, with a minimum of 20 hours of supervised on-site work per credit hour. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Cumulative GPA of at least 2.7 and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

HIS 406 DESIGN AND CULTURE (3)

An overview that spans human activity from prehistoric antiquity to the unfolding of design and culture of the 21st Century. Artistic, social, political, and economic issues that have stimulated a design response are explored. Emphasis is on how individual and collective human needs and wants have dictated design, and how, in turn, design then influences human behavior. Spring semesters.

HIS 407 HISTORIOGRAPHY AND RESEARCH METHODS (3)

Students learn to do the work of a historian. Topics include: historiography (study of history and the field’s philosophy), methodology, archival research, and historical writing. Course concludes with students’ own research project and writing; class works collectively in the writing and revision process. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: ENG 104.

HIS 495 CAPSTONE PREP COURSE (1)

Prepares students for HIS 499 Senior Capstone. Students will be introduced to the requirements of the capstone experience, determine their topic, and develop a prospectus. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Senior standing and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

HIS 499 SENIOR CAPSTONE IN HISTORY (3)

Students prepare a research thesis on a topic of interest to the student. The thesis is intended to demonstrate the student’s ability to synthesize and apply knowledge. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: Senior status and instructor permission.

HSC 112 MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY (1-0)

The student is introduced to the professional vocabulary of medical terms. Recognition, correct spelling, and pronunciation of medical terms will be presented as they relate to the diagnosis, pathology, and treatment of the major body systems. Fall and spring semesters.

HSC 118 MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY FOR HEALTH CARE (3-0)

Focus is given to the component parts of medical terms: prefixes, suffixes, combining forms, and root words. Students will learn, through a step-by-step word-building process, to understand and to be understood in the use of the language of medicine. Students practice formation, analysis, and reconstruction of terms. Emphasis is placed on spelling, definition, and pronunciation. This course provides an introduction to body systems, their operative, diagnostic, therapeutic and symptomatic terminology, as well as systemic and surgical terminology. Students study the application of these terms to medical documentation, physical examinations, and medical diagnostic procedures. Mastery of medical terminology is essential for successful administrative, clinical, and laboratory interaction in the complex health care environment. Spring semesters (as needed).

HSC 150 Student Athletic Trainer Seminar I (1-3)

This course allows students to experience current topics in sports medicine along with observing up-to-date orthopedic injury assessment, and observing and assisting the athletic training staff with treatment, and rehabilitation of student-athletes. Fall semesters (as needed).

HSC 151 Student Athletic Trainer Seminar II (1-3)

This course is a continuation of the student athletic training I seminar and allows students to experience current topics in sports medicine along with observing up-to-date orthopedic injury assessment, and observing and assisting the athletic training staff with treatment, and rehabilitation. Prerequisite HSC 151. Spring semesters (as needed).

HSC 200 NUTRITION AND HEALTH (3-0)

The student is introduced to the role of nutrition, exercise, and health behaviors in health promotion and disease prevention across the age continuum. Emphasizes understanding of the basic biological mechanisms through which adequate nutrition and exercise promote wellness. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BIO 111 or instructor permission.

HSC 240 PHARMACOLOGY FOR ALLIED HEALTH (2-0)

The student is introduced to the classification of medications and basic pharmacological principles. Students apply these basic principles to the identification of common medications, medication preparation, and administration of medications and effects of medications on major body systems. Fall semesters (as needed). Prerequisites: BIO 172 and MAT 140.

HSC 246 LAW AND ETHICS FOR THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS (2-0)

Legal and ethical issues within the health care environment are investigated with a focus on identifying complex legal and ethical issues, tort and criminal laws, and rules governing medical and health care practices. Specific issues of professional legal and ethical conduct, laws governing confidentiality, bioethics, medical records, reporting, end-of-life and beginning-of-life issues, and the effects of managed care and risk management procedures will be examined. Offered as needed.

HSC 260 PATHOLOGICAL CONDITIONS (2)

The study of major pathophysiologic concepts, from the cellular level to the resultant abnormal functioning of the organ systems is examined. Topics include inflammation, immunity, neoplasia and allergy, and the most commonly acquired and hereditary diseases. In particular, disorders commonly encountered by practicing health professionals are emphasized. Concepts from anatomy and physiology provide the foundation for exploring human dysfunction. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BIO 172.

HSC 350 TOPICS IN HEALTH CARE (3-0)

Students are provided the opportunity to explore contemporary issues in health care. Topics will vary and may include such areas as injury/disease prevention, health promotion/wellness, innovative advances in health care, legal/ethical considerations, socioeconomic/cultural aspects of health care needs, and the health care delivery system. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: Junior level standing; permission of CHS Dean for students in AAS programs.

HSC 401 Clinical Applications (3)

This Clinical Applications course is intended for Health Science students from different fields (i.e. nursing, health care management, health information management). The course is designed to provide the development of advanced knowledge and skills related to clinical applications, using a clinical team approach to provide comprehensive quality care. Students will gain hands-on clinical application experiences throughout the course and demonstrate their technology training within predefined clinical settings. Prerequisite: Junior Standing. Fall semesters as needed.

HSC 402 Clinical Case Management (3)

This course focuses on the practice of clinical case management with a special emphasis on clinical care coordination and population health assessment through the use of medical informatics. The course is designed to provide students with knowledge and experience in providing case management services and population health assessment. Students will examine elements critical for the effective provision and evaluation of case management services and review current research on case management effectiveness. Prerequisite: HSC 401. Spring Semesters as needed.

HUM 350 TOPICS IN HUMANITIES (3)

Offers students an opportunity to explore in-depth a sub-genre or theme of the humanistic experience as viewed by diverse contemporary religious thinkers representing both the East and the West. Offered as needed.

HUM 389 Internship in humanities (1-3)

This experiential learning opportunity focuses on exploring career interests, applying knowledge from the classroom, and developing practical on-the-job skills. Students are responsible for establishing their own internships. The internship may be taken for one, two, or three credit hours, with a minimum of 20 hours of supervised on-site work per credit hour. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Cumulative GPA of at least 2.7 and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

LBS 101 INTRODUCTION TO LIBERAL STUDIES (3)

Introduces students to the Liberal Studies disciplines—the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, and mathematics. Through reading and discussion students learn how each discipline responds to the world, approaches problems, poses questions, and develops new knowledge. Examples of thinking and writing across disciplinary lines are explored. Offered as needed.

LBS 150 TOPICS TO LIBERAL STUDIES (3)

Offers students the opportunity to explore a topic in liberal studies not found in the regular offerings.  Offered as needed.

LBS 250 TOPICS TO LIBERAL STUDIES (3)

Offers students the opportunity to explore a topic in liberal studies not found in the regular offerings.  Offered as needed.

LBS 350 TOPICS TO LIBERAL STUDIES (3)

Offers students the opportunity to explore a topic in liberal studies not found in the regular offerings.  Offered as needed.

LBS 389 INTERNSHIP IN LIBERAL STUDIES (3)

This experiential learning opportunity focuses on exploring career interests, applying knowledge from the classroom, and developing practical on-the-job skills. Students are responsible for establishing their own internships. The internship may be taken for one, two, or three credit hours, with a minimum of 20 hours of supervised on-site work per credit hour. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Cumulative GPA of at least 2.7 and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

LBS 495 CAPSTONE PREP COURSE (1)

Prepares students for LBS 499 Senior Capstone. Students will be introduced to the requirements of the capstone experience, determine their topic, and develop a prospectus. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Senior standing and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

LBS 499 SENIOR CAPSTONE IN LIBERAL STUDIES (3)

Students prepare a research thesis on a topic of interest to the student. The thesis is intended to demonstrate the student’s ability to synthesize and apply knowledge. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: Senior status and instructor permission.

MAT 096 COLLEGE MATH PREPARATION (3)

This course will provide the student with the concepts and skills needed for an introductory college mathematics course. Topics include arithmetic of the real numbers, exponents, order of operation, proportions, percents, ratios, scientific notation, square roots, and an introduction to algebra. This course cannot be used to fulfill degree requirements. Fall and Spring semesters. Prerequisite: Academic placement.

MAT 140 INTERMEDIATE ALGEBRA (4)

Bridges the gap between elementary algebra and pre-calculus. Topics include equations and inequalities, polynomials, application problems, rational expressions, exponents and radicals, quadratic equations and inequalities, and graphs of linear and quadratic functions. Fall and spring semesters. Prerequisite: MAT 101 or academic placement.

MAT 144 QUANTITATIVE REASONING (4)

Topics include measurement, unit prefixes, parts per, unit conversions, scientific notation, applications of the logarithm base 10, ratios, proportions, rates, percentages, total change vs. percent change, charts and graphs, linear and exponential functions, linear and exponential regression, and handling data. Fall and spring semesters. Prerequisite: Academic placement.

MAT 145 COLLEGE ALGEBRA (4)

Topics include algebraic operations on polynomial and rational expressions; solving linear, quadratic, and polynomial equations and inequalities; the graphing of functions; systems of equations and determinants; exponential and logarithmic functions; and the theory of equations, sequences, and probability. Fall and spring semesters. Prerequisite: MAT 140 or academic placement.

MAT 146 GEOMETRY FOR ART AND DESIGN (4)

Demonstrates a non-traditional way of thinking about mathematics. Linked with art and design, the inner logic of symmetry, shape, and space are discovered through innovative hands-on practice. The course develops the fundamental concepts of geometry through visual projects. Course topics contribute perspectives on application in art and design. Offered as needed.

MAT 191 Calculus I (4)

Topics include the study of algebraic, logarithmic, exponential, and trigonometric functions; limits; continuity; derivatives and their applications; introduction to integrals; The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus; applications of the definite integral; and beginning integration techniques. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: MAT 145 or academic placement.

MAT 201 PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS (3)

Descriptive statistics, probability, counting techniques, and probability distributions, including normal, t- and chi-square techniques for statistical inference. Confidence intervals and tests of hypothesis, and linear regression and correlation. Meaningful interpretation of statistical measures and the application of statistical methods to problem-solving and decision making. Fall and spring semesters. Prerequisite: MAT 144 or 145.

Military Science courses are delivered through Michigan Technological University as part of the ROTC program.

MIL 101 Introduction to the Army and Critical Thinking (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 1001. Introduces cadets to the competencies that are critical for effective leadership. Cadets learn how the personal development of “life skills” such as critical thinking, time management, goal setting, stress management, and comprehensive fitness relate to the Army profession.  Fall semesters.

MIL 102 Physical Conditioning (0.5)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AF 0120. Activities that promote physical conditioning. Emphasis is on individual conditioning through strength and aerobic training and team sports such as ultimate frisbee and football. Sports physical required prior to start of class (contact instructor for details).  Fall and Spring semesters. Pass/fail only.

MIL 104 Leadership and Competence (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 1003. Introduces Cadets to the competencies that are critical for adaptive leadership. Cadets learn the basics of the communication process and the importance of developing the essential skills to effectively communicate in the Army. Students will examine the Army profession in-depth. Spring semesters.

MIL 105 Basic Leadership Lab I (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 1011. Practicum in basic military topics such as drill and ceremony, emergency preparedness, survival skills, and military communication. Fall semesters.

MIL 106 Basic Leadership Lab II (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 1012. Practicum in basic military topics such as first aid, team building, orienteering, profession of arms, and ethics in problem-solving. Spring semesters.

MIL 124 US Air Force Heritage and Values I (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AF 1001.  Introduction to the USAF and ROTC. Topics include Air Force mission and organization, officership, professionalism, military customs and courtesies, officer opportunities, and communication skills. Leadership Laboratory is mandatory for AFROTC cadets and provides cadets with followership experiences. Fall semesters. Includes laboratory.

MIL 201 Fall Military Physical Conditioning (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 2068. Develops physical fitness, personal confidence, self-esteem and military skills. Students are exposed to both individual and group physical fitness procedures and techniques. Emphasis is on developing a good fitness program for each individual student. Fall semesters. Pass/fail only.

MIL 202 Spring Military Physical Conditioning (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 2069. Develops physical fitness, personal confidence, self-esteem and military skills. Students are exposed to both individual and group physical fitness procedures and techniques. Emphasis is on developing a good fitness program for each individual student. Spring semesters. Pass/fail only.

MIL 205 Leadership and Decision Making (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 2001. Explores the dimensions of creative tactical leadership styles by examining team dynamics and historical leadership theories that form the basis of the Army leadership framework. Aspects of motivation and team building are practiced through planning, executing, and assessing team exercises. Fall semesters.

MIL 206 Army Doctrine and Team Development (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 2002. Examines the challenges of leading teams in complex operational environments. The course highlights terrain analysis, patrolling, and operation orders. Cadets develop greater self-awareness as they assess their own leadership styles and practice communication and team-building skills. Spring semesters.

MIL 207 Intermediate Leadership Lab I (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 2011. Practicum in basic military topics, such as drill and ceremony, emergency preparedness, survival skills, and military communication. Fall semesters.

MIL 208 Intermediate Leadership Lab II (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 2012. Practicum in basic military topics, such as first aid, team building, orienteering, profession of arms, and ethics in problem-solving. Spring semesters.

MIL 224 US Air Force Heritage and Values II (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AF 1002. Introduces students to the USAF and ROTC. Topics include Air Force operations and installations, evolution of USAF, principles of war and tenets of Airpower, ethical decision making under pressure and what our Air Force ‘brings to the fight’. Leadership lab is mandatory for AFROTC cadets and provides cadets with followership and leadership experiences.  Spring semesters.

MIL 225 Team and Leadership Fundamentals I (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AF 2001. Introduction to team building and leadership development. Topics include effective listening, followership, and problem solving and motivation techniques for creating a successful workplace. Fall semesters. Includes laboratory.

MIL 226 Team and Leadership Fundamental II (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AF 2002. Advanced concepts for developing team and leadership abilities. Topics include human relations, conflict management, stress management, and resiliency and the importance of ethical decision making in the workplace. Spring semesters. Includes laboratory. Prerequisite: MIL 225.

MIL 305 Military Physical Leadership I (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 3068. Develops a cadet’s leadership abilities to design, implement, and assess a platoon level Army physical training program. Cadets learn the basic leadership of designing and developing a physical conditioning program. Fall semesters.  May be taken repeatedly for up to 12 credits. Prerequisite: MIL 201, MIL 202, Junior standing, and departmental permission. Pass/fail only.

MIL 306 Military Physical Leadership II (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 3069. Develops a cadet’s leadership abilities to design, implement, and assess a platoon level Army physical training program. Cadets improve their small group’s level of physical conditioning while honing their own leadership skills. Spring semesters. May be taken repeatedly for up to 12 credits. Prerequisite: MIL 305, junior standing, and departmental permission. Pass/fail only.

MIL 307 Advanced Leadership Lab I (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 3011. Practicum in basic military topics, such as drill and ceremony, emergency preparedness, survival skills, and military communication. Fall semesters. Co-requisite: MIL 311.

MIL 308 Advanced Leadership Lab II (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 3012. Practicum in basic military topics, such as first aid, team building, orienteering, profession of arms, and ethics in problem-solving. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: MIL 307. Co-requisite: MIL 312.

MIL 311 Warfighting Functions (2)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 3001. Teaches cadets to plan, coordinate, navigate, motivate, and lead a squad and platoon in the execution of mission during a classroom PE, a leadership lab, or during a leader training course. Fall semesters. Co-requisite: MIL 307.

MIL 312 Leadership and Operations (2)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 3002. Cadets will study, practice, and apply the fundamentals of Army leadership, officership, Army value and ethics, personal development, and small unit tactics at the platoon level. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: MIL 311. Co-requisite: MIL 308.

MIL 401 Special Topics Leadership Development (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 4100. Study and discussion of topics in Military Leadership not included in regular undergraduate courses. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Junior standing and departmental permission.

MIL 405 Mission Command I and the Army Profession (2)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 4001. Completes the Cadet to commissioned officer transition. Course stresses mission command and ethics to assist the Cadet in further embracing their role as an Army officer. Fall and Spring semesters. Prerequisite: MIL 311 and MIL 312. Co-requisite: MIL 408.

MIL 406 Mission Command II and the Company Grade Officer (2)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 4004. Course will teach critical knowledge, skills, abilities, and competencies that newly commissioned officers will need to succeed in their first unit of assignment. Cadets will examine the Army profession in-depth. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: MIL 311 and MIL 312, Co-requisite: MIL 408.

MIL 407 Battalion Staff Operations I (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 4011. Develops personal confidence and advanced leadership ability using basic and advanced military skills. Students are given responsibility for planning and controlling the activities of the cadet battalion. Applied creativity, problem-solving, decision making, and leadership are the cornerstones of this course. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: MIL 405.

MIL 408 Battalion Staff Operations II (1)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AR 4012. Develops personal confidence and advanced leadership ability using basic and advanced military skills. Students are given responsibility for planning and controlling the activities of the cadet battalion. Applied creativity, problem-solving, decision making, and leadership are the cornerstones of this course. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: MIL 406.

MIL 424 National Security Affairs I (3)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AF 4001. This course is designed to develop an understanding of the nature of conflict and how the United States military forces are developed, organized, and employed. Topics include the need for national security, the evolution and formulation of American defense policy and strategy, the origins of regional security issues, cross-cultural competence, and joint doctrine. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: junior standing. Includes laboratory.

MIL 425 National Security Affairs II (3)

Cross-listed as MTU’s AF 4002. This course examines selected roles of the military in society, unconventional warfare, current issues affecting the military profession, and the military justice system. Special topics of interest focus on information warfare, the law of armed conflict, the military as a profession, and officership. Spring semester. Prerequisite: Junior standing. Includes laboratory.

MUS 111-112 PEP/CONCERT BAND I AND II (1)

Freshman-level instrumental ensemble open to all students without audition. Proper techniques, developments, timbre and blending of instrumental performance both individually and as a group, as well as the practice and performance of multiple styles and genres of music. Explores music of all types, as well as the music of other cultures, Western and non-Western, through public performances. Offered as needed.

MUS 120 Music of the World (3)

A survey of diverse music from across the globe. Students will appreciate music as an art form through listening and interpreting genres from South America, Africa, the Caribbean, Asia, India, the Pacific, and the Middle East. Offered as needed.

MUS 121 MUSIC OF THE UNITED STATES (3)

A survey of music in and from the United States. Students will appreciate music as an art form through listening and interpreting genres including folk, Native American, blues, gospel, jazz, country, ragtime, classical, and popular genres.  Offered as needed.

MUS 122 MUSIC OF EUROPE (3)

A survey of European music from the Middle Ages to the present. Students will appreciate classical music as an art form through listening and interpreting genres including symphonic, choral, orchestral, solo, opera, chamber, baroque, and electronic works.  Offered as needed.

MUS 125 MUSIC THEORY I (2)

Introduces the fundamentals of music theory. The structural elements of music are explored through lessons on the piano keyboard, including note and staff reading, intervals, major and minor scales, key signatures, meters, and rhythms. Offered as needed.

MUS 131-132 CLASS PIANO I AND II (1)

Develops keyboard technique by emphasizing music-reading fluency, functional skills, technical facility, and performance of beginning to advanced-level piano literature. Provides an opportunity to study piano in an atmosphere of academic rigor. Students with prior piano study are assigned coursework appropriate to their level of experience. Offered as needed.

MUS 148-149 CHAMBER MUSIC I AND II (1)

Freshman-level strings ensemble open to all students without audition. Covers the proper techniques, developments, timbre and blending of instrumental performance both individually and as a group, as well as the practice and performance of multiple styles and genres of music. The ensemble explores music of all types, as well as the music of other cultures, Western and non-Western, through public performances. Offered as needed.

MUS 153-154 UNIVERSITY SINGERS I AND II (1)

Mixed vocal ensemble dedicated to the study, rehearsal, and performance of a cappella and accompanied choral literature from the Renaissance to the contemporary era. Emphasis is on the development of sight-reading, good vocal production, and accurate vocal pitch. No audition required. Offered as needed.

MUS 211-212 PEP/CONCERT BAND III AND IV (1)

Sophomore-level instrumental ensemble open to all students without audition. Proper techniques, developments, timbre and blending of instrumental performance both individually and as a group, as well as the practice and performance of multiple styles and genres of music. Explores music of all types, as well as the music of other cultures, Western and non-Western, through public performances. Offered as needed.

MUS 225 MUSIC THEORY II (2)

Continuation of MUS 125. The structural elements of music are explored through lessons in triads, inversions, tonics, dominants, subdominants, cadences, and sequences. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: MUS 125.

MUS 227 SIGHT-SINGING AND EAR TRAINING (2)

Basic singing-on-sight of melodic material using the solfege system, including scales, intervals, and simple melodies with various rhythms. Ear training includes basic rhythmic and melodic material, identifying the difference between major and minor scales, major and minor triads, diminished and augmented chords, and the identification of different intervals. Offered as needed.

MUS 231-232 CLASS PIANO III AND IV (1)

This course develops keyboard technique by emphasizing music-reading fluency, functional skills, technical facility, and performance of elementary to advanced- level standard piano literature. Provides students an opportunity to study piano in an atmosphere of academic rigor. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: MUS 132.

MUS 250 TOPICS IN MUSIC (1-3)

Offers the student the opportunity to explore a fine arts sub-genre or theme not covered by the regular survey courses. Offered as needed.

MUS 253-254 UNIVERSITY SINGERS III AND IV (1)

Mixed vocal ensemble dedicated to the study, rehearsal, and performance of a cappella and accompanied choral literature from the Renaissance to the contemporary era. Emphasis is on the development of sight-reading, good vocal production, and accurate vocal pitch. No audition required. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: MUS 154.

MUS 311-312 PEP/CONCERT BAND V AND VI (1)

Junior-level instrumental ensemble open to all students without audition. Proper techniques, developments, timbre and blending of instrumental performance both individually and as a group, as well as the practice and performance of multiple styles and genres of music. Explores music of all types, as well as the music of other cultures, Western and non-Western, through public performances. Offered as needed.

MUS 331-332 CLASS PIANO V AND VI (1)

Develops keyboard technique by emphasizing music-reading fluency, functional skills, technical facility, and performance of late elementary to advanced-level standard piano literature. Provides students an opportunity to study piano in an atmosphere of academic rigor. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: MUS 232.

MUS 353-354 UNIVERSITY SINGERS V AND VI (1)

Mixed vocal ensemble dedicated to the study, rehearsal, and performance of a cappella and accompanied choral literature from the Renaissance to the contemporary era. Emphasis is on the development of sight-reading, good vocal production, and accurate vocal pitch. No audition required. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: MUS 254.

MUS 411-412 PEP/CONCERT BAND VII AND VIII (1)

Senior-level instrumental ensemble open to all students without audition. Proper techniques, developments, timbre and blending of instrumental performance both individually and as a group, as well as the practice and performance of multiple styles and genres of music. Explores music of all types, as well as the music of other cultures, Western and non-Western, through public performances. Offered as needed.

MUS 431-432 CLASS PIANO VII AND VIII (1)

Develops keyboard technique by emphasizing music-reading fluency, functional skills, technical facility, and performance of standard piano literature. Provides students an opportunity to study piano in an atmosphere of academic rigor. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: MUS 332.

MUS 453-454 UNIVERSITY SINGERS VII AND VIII (1)

Mixed vocal ensemble dedicated to the study, rehearsal, and performance of a cappella and accompanied choral literature from the Renaissance to the contemporary era. Emphasis is on the development of sight-reading, good vocal production, and accurate vocal pitch. No audition required. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: MUS 354.

Nursing credits are differentiated by theory and clinical components. For example, (4-2) indicates four theory credit hours and two clinical hours. Each clinical credit hour is equivalent to three clock hours.

NUR 104 CLINICAL TRANSITIONS (1)

Clinical Transitions is a self-directed course designed for students who have been out of the nursing sequence for more than one semester. Independent study, technical skills testing, and patient care experiences are planned to review and evaluate a student’s readiness to re-enter the nursing sequence. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Must be enrolled in the Nursing major. Requires approval of the Nursing Department chair.

NUR 200 PHARMACOLOGY (3-0)

Introduction to the basic concepts of pharmacology and their relationships to health care. Focuses on the major drug classifications, principles of drug actions/interactions, application of specific drugs in the treatment of disease, normal and abnormal responses to drug therapy, dosage calculations, and appropriate nursing actions to achieve desired outcomes of drug therapy. The nurse’s role and responsibilities in clinical pharmacology are examined. Fall semesters. Prerequisites: BIO 172 and CHM 145.

NUR 202 HEALTH ASSESSMENT AND INTERVIEW (2-1)

Provides an introduction to the skills used in data collection and physical assessment, including interviewing, communication, comprehensive history taking, physical assessment, and formulating a nursing diagnosis. The course draws on the nursing process in assessing the health of individuals across the lifespan. Fall semesters. Prerequisites: BIO 172 and HSC 112.

NUR 203 DOSAGE CALCULATIONS (1-0)

Introduces nursing students to the concepts, terminology, equipment, and math calculations necessary for safe medication administration in the clinical setting. Topics include systems of measurements, equivalents and conversions, selected abbreviations, and computation of medication dosages. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: MAT 140. Co-requisite: NUR 204

NUR 204 INTRODUCTION TO NURSING PRACTICE (3-3)

Introduces the basic concepts of the practice of nursing. An introduction to Nursing program philosophy is presented. Focuses on the skills required to care for adult clients in structured, non-emergent environments using demonstration and simulated practice. The role of the nurse as provider of care is discussed. Students are introduced to the clinical setting where the nursing process is used as the basis for decision making and nursing behaviors. Communication skills and nurse-client relationships are developed. Laboratory settings include campus lab, senior living complex, community events, schools, and in-patient units. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BIO 172. Taken concurrently with NUR 200 and NUR 202.

NUR 205 APPLICATION OF NURSING PRACTICE (0-2)

Provides students with the opportunity to use previously attained nursing skills in caring for an adult client in a non-emergent environment. Students apply the skills necessary to demonstrate the role of the nurse as provider of care. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: NUR 202 and NUR 204. Taken concurrently with NUR 206.

NUR 206 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (3-0)

Introduces concepts and diseases common to the general practice of health care. Studies how normal physiological processes are altered by disease. Core content provides understanding of the mechanisms and principles of disruptions of health. Theories related to pathogenesis, etiology, and clinical manifestations are used to study common diseases with an emphasis on clinical correlations. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: BIO 172 and CHM 145.

NUR 300 MENTAL HEALTH NURSING (4-2)

Provides theoretical and clinical foundations for application of the nursing process in support of the person’s mental health. Examines theories, concepts, and responses related to mental health and illness. Further develops nursing assessment and intervention and explores patient rights and legal issues for individuals and groups of mental health clients in various health care and community environments. Applies Individual and group nursing care used to promote, maintain, and restore the person’s mental health. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: NUR 200, NUR 202, and NUR 204. Corequisites: NUR 205 and NUR 206.

NUR 309 SPIRITUALITY IN HEALTH CARE (3-0)

Cross-listed with REL 309. Provides greater understanding of the interaction between spirituality and healthcare. Students will be encouraged to explore and define their own spirituality, identify and consider the spirituality of others, and explore the interaction between spirituality, health, illness, and adversity. Fall semesters.

NUR 312 NURSING THEORY (2-0)

Designed to enable the students to examine nursing from a historical as well as present-day perspective. Examines the organizing framework of the nursing program philosophy and the concepts of nursing, person, environment, and health that underscore nursing’s metaparadigm. Nursing conceptual models and theories and their relationship to research and professional nursing practice are discussed. Fall semesters. Prerequisites: ENG 104 and NUR 204.

NUR 318 NURSING RESEARCH/STATISTICS (3-0)

Introduces the concepts of the research process including research methodologies, measurement, and analysis of research data provides students with a basis to interpret and evaluate research and its application to practice. Emphasis is placed on students becoming knowledgeable consumers of research. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: MAT 140 and NUR 312.

NUR 320 MATERNAL-CHILD NURSING (6-3)

Theoretical and clinical foundations are applied using the nursing process in caring for children and child-bearing families throughout the lifespan including women’s health. Emphasizes the promotion, maintenance, and restoration of health of the primary family unit, including the concepts of changing relationships and the impact of the community and culture on growing families. Physiological and psychosocial adaptation of the child and family during normal and complex health needs are addressed. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: NUR 300. Co-requisite: PSY 260. Taken concurrently with NUR 324.

NUR 324 ADULT MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING I (3-0)

Expands theoretical foundation for application of the nursing process throughout the adult lifespan. Scientific principles in health promotion and management of care are applied with adults experiencing health deficits. Critical judgments in planning and implementing nursing interventions are integrated in caring for adults in various health care environments. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: NUR 300. Taken concurrently with NUR 320.

NUR 328 ADULT MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING II (6-4)

Further expands the theoretical foundation of the nursing process throughout the adult lifespan. Scientific principles in health promotion and management of care are applied with adults experiencing health deficits. Critical judgments in planning and implementing nursing interventions are integrated in caring for adults in various health care environments. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: NUR 320, NUR 324. Taken concurrently with NUR 318.

NUR 400 ACUTE AND URGENT CLINICAL NURSING (0-3)

This summer course broadens the clinical professional nursing experience and prepares students for the final year of the BSN curriculum. The primary focus is an expanded opportunity for achieving clinical competencies in acute and urgent care settings within the regional medical center. A total of 135 contact hours is required with time scheduled for pre-clinical activities, hospital orientation, day and evening shift rotations in various acute and urgent care settings, and compiling final case presentations to share individual experiences with others. Travel associated with scheduled clinical experiences at a regional medical center is expected. Summer semesters. Prerequisites: NUR 318, NUR 328, and PSY 260.

NUR 402 NURSING MANAGEMENT/LEADERSHIP (2-4)

Synthesizes previously acquired theoretical and clinical foundation for application of the nursing process as it relates to management in professional nursing. Further development of entry-level leadership and management skills as provider of care and manager of clients with complex multidimensional health problems. Students refine their autonomy, accountability, collaboration, and caring communication in managing groups of clients in a variety of settings. Fall semesters. Prerequisites: NUR 312, NUR 318, and NUR 400. Taken concurrently with NUR 404.

NUR 404 ISSUES IN PROFESSIONAL NURSING (2-0)

Explores the issues and trends in nursing as a profession. Social, economic, political, and educational forces influencing nursing and health care in the United States are discussed. The professional, legal, and ethical responsibilities of the nurse, and the career opportunities available within the profession, are examined. Health care delivery systems, entry into practice, and professional organizations are discussed. Investigates role socialization from student to professional nurse. Taken in the final year of the Nursing program. Fall semesters. Prerequisites: NUR312, NUR 318, and NUR 400.

NUR 406 COMMUNITY NURSING (2-4)

Focuses on the theoretical and clinical foundation for application of the nursing process in caring for individuals, families, groups, and the community as a client. Emphasis on disease prevention, health promotion, health maintenance, health education, and coordination of care. Content includes application of public health nursing principles, epidemiological investigation, knowledge of rural environments, supervision and leadership in promoting desired health evaluation, and outcomes in community and home environments. Explores the roles of the nurse as teacher, collaborator, advocate, and direct care provider. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: All previously sequenced nursing courses and NUR 404. Must be taken concurrently with NUR 408 in the final semester of the Nursing program.

NUR 408 NURSING CAPSTONE (2-0)

Capstone experience in which students synthesize evidence-based practice and theoretical and research-based knowledge to develop a senior project using critical thinking skills, critical judgment, and independent decision-making. Students demonstrate proficiency in meeting the BSN terminal objectives and accreditation outcome criteria. Spring semesters. Must be taken concurrently with NUR 406 in the final semester of the Nursing program.

Note: Nursing credits are differentiated for theory and clinical components. For example, (4-2) indicates four theory credit hours and two clinical hours. Each clinical credit hour is equivalent to three clock hours.

NUR 343-Z TRANSITION TO PROFESSIONAL NURSING (3-0)

Introduces the associate degree or Diploma RN to the BSN curriculum, including an overview of the program philosophy, competencies, outcomes, and conceptual framework, and to facilitate the transition from the role as practicing nurse to that of professional nurse. Explores the student’s motivation to continue his or her education and examine the historical and theoretical development of the profession as it relates to nursing practice and its ability to influence public opinion. Alternative roles for future professional practitioners will also be explored. Fall and spring semesters. Prerequisites: RN Licensure.

NUR 345-Z PHARMACOLOGY FOR THE RN (2-0)

Focuses on issues related to pharmacology which are prevalent in contemporary nursing practice. Additionally, the course will consider the role pharmacology plays in our health care system, and consequently in our society. Fall semesters. Prerequisites: RN Licensure, BIO 172, or instructor permission.

NUR 346-Z DIAGNOSTICS/THERAPEUTICS FOR THE RN (2-0)

Introduction to the principles of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, including laboratory, imaging, cardiopulmonary, neurovascular, and endoscopic procedures. Scientific rationale and nursing implications for selected diagnostic and therapeutic procedures will be discussed. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: RN licensure or instructor permission.

NUR 347-Z PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FOR THE RN (2-0)

Review of pathophysiological processes leading to alteration of body structure and functions for the practicing RN. Identification of etiology and pathogenesis of selected diseases. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: RN Licensure, BIO 172, MAT 140 or instructor permission.

NUR 348-Z NURSING RESEARCH/STATISTICS FOR THE RN (3-0)

Introduces the concepts of the research process and its application to nursing practice including the basics of qualitative and quantitative approaches to research and the measurement and analysis of research data. This course provides students with a basis to interpret and evaluate research and its application to nursing knowledge and practice. Emphasis is placed on students becoming knowledgeable consumers of research as they expand their nursing practice. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: MAT 140; Corequisite: NUR 343Z.

NUR 349-Z SPIRITUALITY IN HEALTHCARE FOR THE RN (2-0)

Provides greater understanding of the interaction between spirituality and healthcare. Students will be encouraged to explore and define their own spirituality, identify and consider the spirituality of others, and explore the interaction between spirituality, health, illness, and adversity. Fall semesters.

NUR 350-Z PERSPECTIVES IN NURSING (2-0)

An overview of selected health issues including topics such as: women’s rights across the globe, emerging infections, the state of health care in other nations, healthy aging, the impact of cultural beliefs and traditions on health, and the ethical implications of advances in science and technology, such as the impact of genetic engineering, gene therapy, and reproductive technology. Offered as needed.

NUR 442-Z NURSING MANAGEMENT/LEADERSHIP FOR THE RN (2-4)

Theoretical and clinical foundation for application of the nursing process in caring for individuals, families, groups, and the community as a client. Emphasis on disease prevention, health promotion, health maintenance, health education, and coordination of care. Includes application of public health nursing principles, epidemiological investigation, knowledge of rural environments, as well as supervision and leadership in promoting desired health evaluation, and outcomes in community and home environments. Expands the roles of the nurse as teacher, collaborator, advocate, and direct care provider. Fall semesters. Prerequisites: RN licensure, NUR 343-Z and NUR 348-Z (may be taken concurrently).

NUR 446-Z COMMUNITY NURSING FOR THE RN (2-4)

This course synthesizes the previously acquired theoretical and clinical foundation for application of the nursing process as it relates to management in professional nursing. Entry-level leadership and management skills as provider of care and manager of clients with complex multidimensional health problems are further developed. Students refine their autonomy, accountability, collaboration, and caring communication in managing groups of clients in a variety of settings. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: RN licensure, NUR 343-Z, and NUR 348-Z (may be taken concurrently).

NUR 460-Z NURSING CAPSTONE FOR THE RN (2-0)

This course is designed to serve as a capstone experience wherein students synthesize evidence-based practice, and theoretical and research-based knowledge for the purpose of developing a senior project utilizing critical thinking skills, critical judgment, and independent decision-making. Students will demonstrate proficiency in meeting the BSN terminal objectives and accreditation outcome criteria. Fall and spring semesters. Prerequisites: NUR 442-Z and NUR 446-Z To be completed in the final semester of the Nursing program.

PHL 101 INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY (3)

This beginning course offers an overview of topics in Western philosophy using readings from original sources. It explores attempts to answer such questions as: What is the nature of reality? of human knowledge? of moral good? Class discussion and written assignments encourage the development of orderly philosophical reflection. Fall semester, even years.

PHL 212 ETHICS: CLASSICAL THEORIES AND CONTEMPORARY ISSUES (3)

Classical topics in Western philosophical ethics, applied to current ethical concerns in areas such as the value of life, sexuality, medicine, business, media, and the environment. Fall and spring semesters.

PHL 220 ANCIENT GREEK PHILOSOPHY (3)

Examines primary texts of ancient Greek philosophy, beginning with the pre-Socratics and moving through the giants of the ancient philosophical world: Plato and Aristotle. Also includes ancient philosophical traditions such as Epicureanism and Stoicism. Spring semester, odd years.

PHL 230 MODERN PHILOSOPHY (3)

Provides a survey of the great thinkers of the modern period by reading the primary texts of figures such as Descartes, Hobbes, Spinoza, Locke, Leibniz, Berkeley, Hume, and Kant. Main questions discussed include: “What is real?”; “What can I know?”; and “What is enlightenment?”. Fall semester, odd years.

PHL 250 TOPICS IN PHILOSOPHY (3)

Provides an opportunity to gain an introductory level of understanding of major fields within philosophy. Topics may include the Self, Modern Philosophy, Logic, and Social Philosophy. Offered as needed.

PHL 251 INTRODUCTION TO LOGIC (3)

Practical introduction to formal and informal logic. That is, the art and skill of recognizing arguments that need improvement and forming sound arguments of one’s own.  Examines common mistakes in thinking that may confuse understanding and communication at all levels, and offers practice in making ourselves understood by others.  Fall semester, odd years.

PHL 260 BIOMEDICAL ETHICS (3 credits)

Provides a detailed understanding of many of the ethical arguments in health care concerning issues like abortion, euthanasia, clinical practice, justice in the allocation of health care, and others, from ethical-theoretical perspectives, including deontology, virtue ethics, utilitarianism, and feminism. Spring semesters.

PHL 302 GREAT VOICES IN PHILOSOPHY (3)

Using important representative figures, compares Western and non-Western contributions to such areas of philosophy as metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, esthetics, philosophy of religion, and political philosophy. Offered as needed.

PHL 310 EXISTENTIALISM (3)

Chronicles the existentialism movement of the 20th century by looking at some precursors to the movement in Kierkegaard and Dostoyevsky, and then the movement itself by looking at figures such as Nietzsche, Heidegger, Sartre, Camus, and de Beauvoir. Key concepts may include nihilism, the absurd, the re-evaluation of all values, and authenticity. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: PHL 101 or PHL 212.

PHL 340 EASTERN PHILOSOPHY (3)

Examines several Eastern philosophical and religious thinkers and traditions, including but not limited to: Hinduism (Rig Veda, Bhagavad Gita, and Gandhi), Buddhism (Buddha, Dogen, Dalai Lama), Confucius, Lao Tzu, Mencius, and Mao Tse-Tung. Themes covered include the way of nature, virtue, filial piety, ritual, and enlightenment. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: PHL 101, 212, or REL 204.

PHL 350 TOPICS IN PHILOSOPHY (3)

This course gives students an opportunity for in-depth exploration of an aspect of philosophy not dealt with extensively in other courses. Topics may include bioethics, theories of human nature, and meaning of life. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: PHL 101, PHL 212, or instructor permission.

PHL 380 PHILOSOPHY OF SEX AND GENDER (3)

Provides an analysis of the understandings of sex and gender in the Western world through a philosophical lens. Primary questions include “What is sex?”; “Is one’s sexual orientation biologically given or socially constructed, or a combination of both?”; and “How does the conception of gender change historically in the Western world?” Major thinkers include Plato, Sigmund Freud, Simone de Beauvoir, Michel Foucault, and Judith Butler. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: PHL 101 or PHL 212.

PHL 389 Internship in philosophy (1-3)

This experiential learning opportunity focuses on exploring career interests, applying knowledge from the classroom, and developing practical on-the-job skills. Students are responsible for establishing their own internships. The internship may be taken for one, two, or three credit hours, with a minimum of 20 hours of supervised on-site work per credit hour. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Cumulative GPA of at least 2.7 and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

PHL 450 GREAT BOOKS IN PHILOSOPHY (3)

An in-depth examination of a pivotal work in philosophy. Examples may include Plato’s Republic, Augustine’s City of God, Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason, Beauvoir’s The Second Sex, among others. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: PHL 101 or PHL 212.

PHL 460 PHILOSOPHY OF THE SELF (3)

Cross-listed with REL 460. Looks at the history of the self by exploring some pivotal thinkers in each epoch of Western history: the ancient, medieval, and modern. It then tries to understand what it means to be a self in contemporary society using postmodern thinkers as its background. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: PHL 101 or PHL 212.

PHL 495 CAPSTONE PREP COURSE (1)

Prepares students for PHL 499 Senior Capstone. Students will be introduced to the requirements of the capstone experience, determine their topic, and develop a prospectus. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Senior standing and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

PHL 499 SENIOR CAPSTONE IN PHILOSOPHY (3)

Students prepare a research thesis on a topic of interest to the student. The thesis is intended to demonstrate the student’s ability to synthesize and apply knowledge. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: Senior status and instructor permission.

PHS 105 GENERAL PHYSICS I (4)

Introductory physics class covering topics from classical mechanics and thermodynamics such as particle dynamics, energy, Newton’s laws of motion, rotation, gravitation, oscillation, fluid mechanics, sound, and the laws of thermodynamics. Includes laboratory. Fall semester, odd years. Co-requisites: MAT 140 or higher, or instructor permission.

PHS 106 GENERAL PHYSICS II (4)

A continuation of PHS 105. Topics include electricity and magnetism, optics and light, atomic structure and spectra, nuclear physics and radiation. Includes laboratory. Spring semester, even years. Prerequisite: PHS 105 with a grade of C- or better.

PHS 112 INTRODUCTION TO EARTH SCIENCE (4)

Introductory earth science topics related to geology and meteorology including rocks and minerals, plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, atmospheric structure and composition, and the Earth’s radiation budget. Local geology and climate are also emphasized. Includes laboratory. Spring semesters.

PHS 212 CONCEPTS IN PHYSICS (4)

Survey of basic physics concepts including motion, forces, energy, heat, wave motion (light and sound), electricity, magnetism, and modern physics. Physics principles are used to introduce students to astronomy. Includes laboratory. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: MAT 140 or higher, or instructor permission.

PLS 221 AMERICAN GOVERNMENT (3)

Introduction to the U.S. political system. Adopts transnational and comparative perspectives in examining the origins and present powers of the American government at local, state, and national levels, and the complex ways in which state and civil society interact to determine public policy and social relations. Critical vantage on the U.S. government prompts deeper understanding of the individual’s relationship to the nation and to the world at large. Offered as needed.

PLS 350 TOPICS IN POLITICAL SCIENCE (3)

This course offers the student an opportunity to explore in greater depth topics not covered fully in political science courses. Topics may include the American presidency, politics and the environment, comparative governments, or political theory. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: PLS 221 or instructor permission.

PLS 364 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS (3)

Historical, economic, political, geographic, ideological, and cultural, and environmental factors that shape international relations. Focus on the nature of the state, the formation of nations, foreign policy, international relations theory, and current policy debates. Particular emphasis on the social forces associated with globalism in structuring international relations for the new millennium. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: PLS 221 or instructor permission.

PSY 100 THE PSYCHOLOGY MAJOR (1)

Designed to introduce students to the diverse discipline of psychology. Required course work and entrance examinations for the field are discussed. Activities may include guest speakers, interviews, and site visits. Fall semesters. Pass/fail only.

PSY 101 INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY (3)

Introduction to the study of human behavior and cognitive processes. Major topics typically include biological foundations, life-span development, learning, personality, perception, memory, states of consciousness, stress, and social psychology. Fall and spring semesters.

PSY 210 SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY (3)

Social psychology is the study of human behavior, thoughts, and feelings, in social contexts. This course will focus on major theories and theorists in the discipline of social psychology, place those contributions within a larger historical context, and strive to find connections between course content and daily life. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: PSY 101.

PSY 220 PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY (3)

Explores the subfield of personality psychology. Personality refers to an individual’s unique, characteristic, way of thinking, feeling, and behaving. Major historical and modern theories in personality, the relation of those theories and major research methodology, and the links between personality characteristics and outcomes in everyday life. Topics may include theories of individual differences, the link between personality characteristics and outcomes such as aggression, interpersonal behaviors, and beliefs about the self. Fall semester, even years. Prerequisite: PSY 101.

PSY 230 COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY (3)

Provides an introductory exploration of human cognition. Topics may include thinking processes as related to perception, memory, attention, reasoning, decision making, and problem-solving. Both classic and current issues are discussed. Fall semester, odd years. Prerequisite: PSY 101.

PSY 240 ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY (3)

Cultural, biological, and psychological aspects of the abnormal personality. Case histories are analyzed in the context of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-Fourth Edition (DSM-IV). Various theories of deviance and disorder are discussed. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: PSY 101.

PSY 250 TOPICS IN PSYCHOLOGY (3)

Introduction to a major field within psychology. Topics may include social psychology, perception, and cognitive psychology. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: PSY 101.

PSY 265 Developmental PSYCHOLOGY (3)

This course examines human development over the lifespan from conception to death. Theories and research are used to explore biological, cognitive, social, and emotional aspects of development. Topics will include moral, physical, social, language and cultural development.  Fall semesters.  Prerequisite: PSY 101.

PSY 290 Learning and behavior (3)

This course introduces the theoretical foundations, central concepts, and principles of learning and behavior. The course explores mechanisms of behavioral change as they relate to experience. The course focuses on classical and operant conditioning as foundations for modern learning theory, but also introduces more advanced aspects of behavior and cognition. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisite: PSY 101.

PSY 302 EMOTION (3)

Examines major theories of emotion from a variety of perspectives. Analyzes the function and structure of emotion; the interplay between emotion, behavior, cognition; and physiology. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisite: PSY 210 or PSY 230.

PSY 303 PSYCHOLOGY OF gender (3)

Examines the current research on gender similarities and differences. Covers major theories and theorists that shed light upon the psychology of gender. Topics may include: gender role stereotypes, gender identity, and how gender impacts relationships, communication, and health. Fall semester, even years. Prerequisite: PSY 210 or PSY 261.

PSY 305 Human sexuality (3)

An in-depth analysis of various aspects of human sexuality, emphasizing the biological, environmental, and social contexts in which sexual behavior occurs. Topics include different theoretical perspectives on human sexuality, gender roles, sexual orientation, relationships, sexual behavior, sex education, and sexual dysfunction. Fall semester, odd years. Prerequisite: any 200-level PSY course.

PSY 313 Stereotypes and Prejudice (3)

Focuses on the stigmatization process from a psychological perspective including the impact of stigma, or devalued social identities, on members of stigmatized and majority groups; the construct of stigma and its origins; stigma management; and other related topics. Fall semester, odd years. Prerequisite: PSY 210.

PSY 331 SOCIAL COGNITION (3)

An in-depth analysis of social cognition. Examines how people make sense of themselves and of others in their social world. Topics include modern and historical theories of social cognitive process, how people make sense of their personal characteristics and the characteristics of others, and how thought processes influence social interaction. Spring semester, even years. Prerequisite: PSY 210 or PSY 230.

PSY 333 Human Neuropsychology (3)

This course examines current knowledge of the human brain and its role in mental processes. Case studies, theories and research are combined to explore perception, attention, thought, language, emotion, and memory. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: PSY 230 or instructor permission.

PSY 345 Substances of Abuse and Addiction (3)

This course will discuss the psychological, social, and physiological aspects of substance abuse and addiction. Topics include drug classification, the biological and psychological basis of drug effects, and clinical diagnostics and treatment of substance abuse and dependence.  Spring semesters, even years. Prerequisite: PSY 240 or instructor permission.

PSY 350 TOPICS IN PSYCHOLOGY (3)

Provides an opportunity for in-depth exploration of an aspect of the field of psychology not dealt with extensively in other psychology courses. Topics may include developmental theory, forensic psychology, or applied behavior analysis. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: PSY 101.

PSY 353 RESEARCH METHODS IN PSYCHOLOGY (3)

Introduction to the methods of psychological inquiry. Students learn how to design and conduct research, and how to become critical consumers of it. An overview of the various psychological research strategies is presented and students perform some preliminary research. Focuses on conceptual and applied dimensions of psychological research. Fall semester, even years. Prerequisite: PSY 101.

PSY 354 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES (3)

Cross-listed with SOC 354. Designed to give students a broad overview of the statistical methods used in the social sciences. Topics include measures of central tendency, probability, hypothesis testing, and association between variables. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: MAT 144 or higher; PSY 353 or SOC 353; or instructor permission.

PSY 370 INTRODUCTION TO COUNSELING (3)

Assists students in the development of interviewing and communication skills, including responsive listening and problem solving, and introductory counseling techniques. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisite: PSY 240.

PSY 380 HISTORY AND SYSTEMS (3)

Provides a foundation of the discipline of psychology. The history and development of psychological thought beginning with the Greeks and continuing through the present will be discussed. Spring semester, even years. Prerequisite: PSY 101.

PSY 395 EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY (3)

Focuses on research methods and design as applied to contemporary problems in psychology. Examines how to perform experiments in learning, memory and problem solving; apply statistical methods for data analysis; and critically evaluate classical and current research. Course involves an independent research project. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: PSY 353 or instructor permission.

PSY 396 READINGS IN PSYCHOLOGY (3)

An examination of subjects or areas not included in other courses. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: PSY 101, junior or senior standing, and instructor permission.

PSY 397 DIRECTED RESEARCH IN PSYCHOLOGY (1-3)

This course is for students who desire to investigate a research problem in psychology or assist in faculty research. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: instructor permission.

PSY 389 Internship in psychology (1-3)

This experiential learning opportunity focuses on exploring career interests, applying knowledge from the classroom, and developing practical on-the-job skills. Students are responsible for establishing their own internships. The internship may be taken for one, two, or three credit hours, with a minimum of 20 hours of supervised on-site work per credit hour. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Cumulative GPA of at least 2.7 and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

PSY 495 CAPSTONE PREP COURSE (1)

Prepares students for PSY 499 Senior Capstone. Students will be introduced to the requirements of the capstone experience, determine their topic, and develop a prospectus. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Senior standing and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

PSY 499 SENIOR CAPSTONE IN PSYCHOLOGY (3)

Students prepare a research thesis on a topic of interest to the student. The thesis is intended to demonstrate the student’s ability to synthesize and apply knowledge. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: Senior status and instructor permission.

PTA 101 INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL THERAPY (1)

The student is introduced to the field of physical therapy, its history, and the role physical therapy plays in the health care system. Basic medical abbreviations are taught and the standards of ethical practice are emphasized. The practice of physical therapy and laws, which regulate the physical therapist assistant, are discussed along with the American Physical Therapy Association’s structure and function. Strongly emphasized are the boundaries between the physical therapist and physical therapist assistant. Also discussed are common practice settings and patient types. Fall semesters. Prerequisites: For students whose first language is not English, a TOEFL score of 550 or greater and permission of instructor. Co-requisites: BIO 171, ENG 103, or permission of PTA program director.

PTA 200 FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY (3)

Knowledge of functional anatomy and kinesiology are essential foundations for the PTA. In this course the skeletal, muscle, joint and nervous systems are studied in terms of their ability to produce movement and postural control. There is an emphasis on the biomechanics of the human body. Lecture and laboratory exercises are integrated to help the student learn how the body moves and then to apply that knowledge to physical therapy interventions. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BIO 172 or permission of PTA program director.

PTA 205 FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITIES (2)

Instruction in basic patient handling skills including patient transfers from and with a variety of patient equipment, gait training, wheelchair/bed mobility, and transfers training are included. Assistive devices are introduced and practiced using patient mobility and transfer skills. Body mechanics are taught and practiced with an emphasis on the safety of the patient and caregiver during patient activity. OSHA safety requirements and universal precaution procedures are presented. Architectural barriers and the ADA are highlighted and discussed. Issues regarding the quality, appropriateness, and clarity of documentation is presented and practiced with an emphasis on documenting functional activities. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BIO 172. Co-requisite: PTA 200

PTA 210 THERAPEUTIC EXERCISE (2)

Introduction in principles and techniques of range of motion, strengthening, soft-tissue stretching, aerobic exercise, endurance, and balance/coordination are studied. The basic concepts of peripheral joint mobilization and Myokinematic Restoration are examined. The healing process of the various tissues, ligaments, bones, cartilage, and muscles/tendons is reviewed. Theories of the body’s response to exercise in the normal and pathological states are examined. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BIO 172. Co-requisite: PTA 200.

PTA 211 CLINICAL ORTHOPEDICS (2)

The knowledge of therapeutic management and rehabilitation is expanded with regard to common orthopedic injuries/conditions. Principles for treating soft tissue, bony, and post-surgical problems are emphasized. This includes the investigation of sprains, strains, surgical procedures, overuse syndromes, and fractures. Therapeutic management and rehabilitative intervention methods for the presented conditions/injuries in various stages of recovery are investigated joint by joint. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: PTA 200, PTA 210 and PTA 215.

PTA 215 THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES I (2)

Students learn the theory and application of the therapeutic thermal agents: superficial heat, cold, ultrasound (thermal and non-thermal), phonophoresis, fluidotherapy, and hydrotherapy, including aquatic therapy. The application of diathermy, infrared and kinesiotaping techniques are discussed. The pathologic and physiological processes, specific techniques, frequencies, and the effects of interventions are discussed. Application methods are learned with an emphasis on the indications, contraindications, and precautions for the selected forms of therapeutic thermal agents. The safe, effective, and efficient delivery of the physical thermal agents is considered, as well as patient and caregiver interactions. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BIO 172. Co-requisite: PTA 200.

PTA 216 THERAPEUTIC MODALITIES II (2)

The student is presented with theories concerning the pathologic processes, the physiological responses to an intervention, and the application of the following agents: electrical current, mechanical lumbar/cervical traction, cold laser and external compression. Intervention methods are learned with emphasis on the safe, effective, and efficient deliveries of the physical agents. Consideration is given to the indications, contraindications, and precautions for these physical agents. Because an intervention requires human interaction, clinical lab activities emphasize the interaction between the clinician and the patient. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: PTA 215 or permission of PTA program director.

PTA 217 THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES (1)

Examination of pathological gait deviations, the physical therapy management of the burn-injured patient, wound care management, chest physical therapy, amputee care, prosthetics, and orthotics for the upper and lower extremities are included. Anatomy, physiology, and pathology are discussed for each topic. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: HSC 260 and PTA 200 or permission of PTA program director.

PTA 220 TESTS AND MEASURES (1)

The student is introduced to tests and measures commonly used in the practice of physical therapy including, goniometry, gross functional muscle testing: sensation, pain, vital signs, and anthropometric measurements. The comparison of examination with evaluation is emphasized as it relates to physical therapy practice. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: BIO 172. Co-requisite: PTA 200.

PTA 223 CLINICAL PREPARATION (2)

The student is oriented to clinical practice policies and procedures, professional practice in physical therapy and the Clinical Performance Instrument (version 2) used for evaluation of the student’s performance during clinical practice. Students are introduced to resources that will help the student understand and participate in the professional and evidence-based environment of physical therapy. Students engage in self-assessment activities throughout the course. Failure of the Clinical Preparation or Co-requisites /Prerequisites would prevent the student from participating in the Clinical Practice PTA 224. Fall semesters. Co-requisites: HSC 260, PTA 200, PTA 205, PTA 210, PTA 215, and PTA 220 or permission of PTA program director. Must be taken concurrently with PTA 224.

PTA 224 CLINICAL PRACTICE (4)

The student applies their novice physical therapy knowledge and skills (selected tests and measures, modalities, therapeutic exercise, and functional activities) under the close supervision of a qualified clinical instructor. One hundred sixty hours of clinical practice over a four week period are required. Clinical instructor (CI) and student review the performance objectives and students’ own learning objectives for the affiliation. The CI helps the student set objectives appropriate to the facility. Fall semesters. Must be taken concurrently with PTA 223.

PTA 226 CLINICAL AFFILIATION/PREPARATION/ SPECIAL TOPICS (2)

Students are prepared for completion of the last two clinical practices and entry into the physical therapy workforce. Self-awareness, effective helping, communication skills, stress management, cultural competency, and spirituality are discussed as part of continuing exploration of the core professional values of the American Physical Therapy Association. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: PTA 224 or permission of PTA program director. Co-requisites: PTA 211, PTA 216, PTA 217, PTA 235, PTA 245, and PTA 250. Must be taken concurrently with PTA 290.

PTA 235 PATIENT HANDLING AND THERAPEUTIC MASSAGE (1)

Therapeutic massage and patient handling skills are taught. The student is instructed in the basic principles and application of soft tissue massage techniques as part of an overall physical therapy intervention plan. Various basic local and general massage techniques are presented and practiced. General principles of massage for specialized systems and selected specific purposes are introduced. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: PTA 200.

PTA 245 NEUROLOGIC REHABILITATION THROUGH THE LIFESPAN (4)

Preparation of the PTA student to treat patients with pediatric and adult movement disorders caused by damage to the nervous system is included. Neuroanatomy, motor control, motor learning and motor development form the foundations for understanding the pathology and the interventions used for the patient with neurologic disorders. Case studies dealing with common pediatric and adult disorders help the student appreciate the effect of the disability on the individual’s life and provide an opportunity for the student to apply their clinical reasoning skills and physical therapy interventions. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: PTA 200 and PTA 210 or permission of instructor.

PTA 250 GERIATRIC PTA (2)

A comprehensive study in the area of physical therapy and aging is presented. Age-related changes in biology, physiology, and anatomy are discussed. General information on theory and psychosocial aspects of aging is provided. Specific treatment considerations for the older person are outlined. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: HSC 260 or permission of instructor.

PTA 290 CLINICAL EDUCATION I (2)

This is the initial two weeks of a five-week clinical affiliation. It allows students to apply their didactic and laboratory learning as an active participant in clinical practice. The student is expected to practice all the basic physical therapy data collection techniques and treatment interventions, and implement the plan of care as directed by the physical therapist. Eighty hours of clinical practice at an affiliated clinical site are required. Spring semesters. Prerequisite: Student must be assessed at the developing level or higher on the Professional Behaviors Assessment Tool or obtain permission of PTA program director. Must be taken concurrently with PTA 226.

PTA 291 CLINICAL EDUCATION II (2)

The final three weeks of a five-week clinical affiliation provides further development of problem solving and interpersonal skills, and continues to the minimal competencies necessary to become an effective, efficient physical therapist assistant. At the conclusion of this affiliation, the student is expected to consistently provide quality care with simple or complex patients in a predictable environment. The student may require supervision or cueing when addressing complex problems, and may still be developing efficiency in delivering treatment plans. One hundred twenty hours of clinical practice at an affiliated clinical site are required. Summer semesters. Prerequisite: PTA 290. Must be taken concurrently with PTA 292.

PTA 292 CLINICAL EDUCATION III (4)

This five-week, full-time clinical affiliation is the final clinical practice for the student. At the start of this affiliation, students will have completed 65% of their clinical hours and all of their academic coursework. The student is expected to practice all the basic physical therapy data collection techniques and treatment interventions and implement the plan of care as directed by the physical therapist. At the conclusion of this affiliation, the student is expected to perform at entry-level, consistently and efficiently providing quality care with simple or complex patients in a variety of clinical environments under the supervision of a physical therapist. The student requires no further guidance or supervision except when addressing new or complex problems, at which time the student seeks assistance. Two hundred hours of off-site clinical experience are required. Summer semesters. Must be taken concurrently with PTA 291.

REL 200 INTRODUCTION TO BIBLICAL LITERATURE (3)

Historical, theological, and literary consideration of both Hebrew and Christian scripture that addresses questions such as: What historical experiences are relevant to understanding the biblical narrative? What are the core theological claims and dominant themes of biblical literature? What are common misconceptions of biblical literature?. Fall and spring semesters.

REL 204 WORLD RELIGIONS (3)

Students attempt to understand a variety of the world’s religions through understanding the questions they seek to answer, the issues they seek to address, and their traditional beliefs, rituals, and cultural contributions. Fall and Spring semesters.

REL 205 SPIRITUAL FORMATION (3)

Spiritual wisdom and practices from the world’s primary religions are explored through guided reading, field trips and reflection through which students are introduced to the vocabulary, concepts, and spiritual disciplines necessary for the cultivation of kindness, love, joy, peace, vision, wisdom and generosity. Fall semesters.

REL 214 WOMEN AND RELIGION (3)

Students will examine two interrelated issues, namely, the influences that religions have on women and the influences that women have on religions. Theology, texts and rituals in various religious traditions will be explored. Central questions will focus on gender politics in religion: Who owns the sacred places, rituals, and texts? Does the divine have gender – and why does it matter? Who has a voice? Spring semester, even years.

REL 230 SERVANT LEADERSHIP (3)

What is the purpose of my life? What does it mean to serve? What am I passionate about? Readings, discussions and community service participation aim to explore these questions and provide the opportunity for students to think deeply about their own vocational identity as servants and leaders. This course consists of two lectures (50 minutes each) per week and at least 15 hours of community service commitments per semester. Spring semesters.

REL 236 SERVANT LEADERSHIP IN TANZANIA (3)

Cross-listed with SOC 236. The primary learning experiences take place during a three-week trip to Tanzania in May. During the spring semester students meet weekly to discuss readings, prepare for being a guest in a foreign country, and plan fundraisers. The visit to Tanzania is at the invitation of the Eastern and Coastal Diocese of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania. Students stay in host homes, learn about social concerns, and participate in the life of a community while serving at a secondary school. Nursing students spend one week at the national hospital. Spring semesters. Co-requisite: REL 230 and sophomore standing, or instructor permission

REL 237 SERVANT LEADERSHIP FOR THE LOCAL COMMUNITY (3)

This course explores the spiritual discipline of service as working for the common good. Students identify a connection between their gifts and experience and a need in the community. They devise a project that leads others toward deeper awareness and participation in actions that benefit the local community. A combination of seminars and independent work on projects. Offered as needed.

REL 250 TOPICS IN RELIGION (3)

This course gives students an opportunity for introductory exploration of an aspect of the field of religion not dealt with extensively in other religion courses. Topics may include Christianity in America and eastern religions. Offered as needed.

REL 309 SPIRITUALITY IN HEALTH CARE (3)

Cross-listed with NUR 309. Examines the spiritual foundations of church health ministries. Skills and knowledge specific to parish nursing are explored with topics to include the following: roles of the parish nurse, ethical/legal aspects of the role, professional standards, and personal spiritual growth. Also studies the legal and medical perspectives of such issues as abortion, euthanasia, behavior control, alternate health care modalities, and bioethical issues. The psychosocial-spiritual assessment of persons across the age continuum, loss/grief, end-of-life, and crisis is explored. Fall semesters.

REL 381 PERSONAL VOCATION AND SOCIAL CONSCIENCE (3)

How can I make a difference in the world? How do I know what the world needs? These questions will be addressed by examining spiritual foundations of peace-making, justice, and interdependence while building awareness of contemporary issues of injustice and appropriately compassionate responses. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: REL 230 or by instructor permission.

REL 389 Internship in Religion (1-3)

This experiential learning opportunity focuses on exploring career interests, applying knowledge from the classroom, and developing practical on-the-job skills. Students are responsible for establishing their own internships. The internship may be taken for one, two, or three credit hours, with a minimum of 20 hours of supervised on-site work per credit hour. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Cumulative GPA of at least 2.7 and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

REL 420 BIBLICAL TOPICS IN VOCATION (3)

The Hebrew response Hineini (“here I am”) occurs on fourteen occasions in the biblical narrative. Students will dig into these fourteen stories, discovering biblical foundations for vocation for discerning one’s place in the world. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: REL 200 or by instructor permission.

REL 445 READINGS IN SPIRITUALITY (3)

Readings from various spiritual traditions introduce students to a non-dualistic way of seeing themselves and the world. The wisdom traditions explored foster a vision that lives with paradox by seeking meaning in the absurd, healing within the suffering, peace within the chaos, and light within the darkness. Offered as needed. Prerequisite REL 205 or by instructor permission.

REL 460 PHILOSOPHY OF THE SELF (3)

Cross-listed with PHL 460. Looks at the history of the self by exploring some pivotal thinkers in each epoch of Western history: the ancient, medieval, and modern. It then tries to understand what it means to be a self in contemporary society using postmodern thinkers as its background. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: PHL 101 or PHL 212.

REL 495 CAPSTONE PREP COURSE (1)

Prepares students for REL 499 Senior Capstone. Students will be introduced to the requirements of the capstone experience, determine their topic, and develop a prospectus. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Senior standing and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

REL 499 SENIOR CAPSTONE IN RELIGION (3)

Students prepare a research thesis on a topic of interest to the student. The thesis is intended to demonstrate the student’s ability to synthesize and apply knowledge. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: Senior status and instructor permission.

SOC 101 INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY (3)

Provides a broad introduction to the field of sociology. Explores different understandings of society and their implications. Students learn to identify and compare major sociological perspectives, understand basic sociological concepts, and apply them to various situations. Fall and spring semesters.

SOC 154 SOCIAL PROBLEMS (3)

Covers selected social problems facing today’s global society. Topics may include problems such as poverty, race relations, international tensions, population, and crime. Fall semesters, odd years. Prerequisite: None; SOC 101 recommended.

SOC 205 JUVENILE DELINQUENCY (3)

Explores issues of juvenile delinquency, factors contributing to delinquency, and societal and governmental attempts to prevent and control delinquent behavior. Fall semesters.

SOC 232 GENDER AND SOCIETY (3)

Course provides an introduction to the sociology of gender. Central themes include changes and continuities in gender roles within the U.S. and globally, the social processes that influence our lives and our gender identities, and the connections between gender, power, and inequality. Primary focus will be on the experiences of women in the global economic system. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisite: SOC 101.

SOC 236 SERVANT LEADERSHIP IN TANZANIA (3)

Cross-listed with REL 236. The primary learning experiences take place during a three-week trip to Tanzania in May. During the spring semester, students meet weekly to discuss readings, prepare for being a guest in a foreign country, and plan fundraisers. The visit to Tanzania is at the invitation of the Eastern and Coastal Diocese of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania. Students stay in host homes, learn about social concerns, and participate in the life of a community while serving at a secondary school. Nursing students spend one week at the national hospital. Spring semesters. Co-requisites: REL 230 and sophomore standing, or instructor permission.

SOC 250 TOPICS IN SOCIOLOGY (3)

Provides students an opportunity to gain an introductory level of understanding of major fields within sociology. Topics may include marriage and the family, social psychology, symbolic interaction, and deviance. Offered as needed.

SOC 260 DEVIANT BEHAVIOR (3)

Explanation of social behaviors that have been defined as “deviant’ by others in society. Particular emphasis will be placed on the social constructive processes surrounding deviance and deviant behavior including the social organization of deviant acts, lifestyles, relationships and careers, the process of acquiring a deviant identity, and managing deviant stigma. Fall semester, even years.

SOC 263 HUMAN RELATIONS AND DIVERSITY (3)

Explores the diversity concept in the United States by tracing its origins, operations, and meanings. Encompasses but is not limited to an examination of the history, culture, institutions, values, and contributions of groups identified by race, gender, class, ethnicity, religious affiliations, and sexual orientation in contemporary America. Critical emphasis placed on social tensions associated with minority-majority status, terms of overt and covert social inclusion or exclusion, the ideal of individual equality in conditions of group-based inequality. Fall semesters.

SOC 290 CRIMINOLOGY (3)

Analyzes the nature, causes, and distribution of crime; societal factors in crime and delinquency; theoretical explanations of crime; and contemporary social responses. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: SOC 101 or instructor permission.

SOC 330 SOCIAL STRATIFICATION (3)

Examines the patterned, unequal distribution of wealth, power, and political rewards has on society. Theories and debates regarding social inequality and mobility, and their ramifications. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisite: SOC 101 or SOC 154.

SOC 350 TOPICS IN SOCIOLOGY (3)

Provides an opportunity for in-depth exploration of an aspect of the field of sociology not dealt with extensively in other sociology courses. Topics may include social stratification, gender and society, social movements, globalization, or indigenous peoples. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: SOC 101.

SOC 353 RESEARCH METHODS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES (3)

Introduction to the methods of social inquiry. Students learn how to design and conduct research, and how to become critical consumers of it. An overview of the various research strategies in the social sciences is presented and students perform some preliminary research. Focuses on conceptual and applied dimensions of social research. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: MAT 140 or higher.

SOC 354 QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES (3)

Cross-listed with PSY 354. Designed to give students a broad overview of the statistical methods used in the social sciences. Topics include measures of central tendency, probability, hypothesis testing, and association between variables. Spring semesters. Prerequisites: MAT 144 or higher; PSY 353 or SOC 353; or instructor permission.

SOC 360 ORGANIZATIONAL SOCIOLOGY (3)

Investigates the impact of organizations in society. Addresses theoretical components of organizational sociology such as but not limited to the division of labor, social inequality impacted by organizations, policy, and power in organizations. Spring semesters, even years. Prerequisite: SOC 101.

SOC 372 SOCIAL THEORY (3)

Introduction to the major social theorists and the fundamental concepts important to the development and continuation of the social sciences. Students develop a framework to address critical social and political issues and better understand the society in which we live. Fall semesters. Prerequisite: PLS 221 or PSY 101 or SOC 101.

SOC 389 Internship in sociology (1-3)

This experiential learning opportunity focuses on exploring career interests, applying knowledge from the classroom, and developing practical on-the-job skills. Students are responsible for establishing their own internships. The internship may be taken for one, two, or three credit hours, with a minimum of 20 hours of supervised on-site work per credit hour. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Cumulative GPA of at least 2.7 and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

SOC 470 SOCIOLOGY OF LAW (3)

Investigates the prevalence of the legal system in society. Topics covered in the course will be the theoretical perspectives of law, the organization of law and the enactment of law and its practice. Spring semester, even years. Prerequisite: SOC 101.

SOC 471 CRIME AND PUBLIC POLICY (3)

Cross-listed with CRJ 471. Focuses on the theoretical basis for crime policy, the empirical work utilizing theory, and the efficacy of the policies. Also investigates how social policy is developed, amended and enacted. Spring semester, odd years. Prerequisites: CRJ 101 and SOC 290.

SOC 495 CAPSTONE PREP COURSE (1)

Prepares students for SOC 499 Senior Capstone. Students will be introduced to the requirements of the capstone experience, determine their topic, and develop a prospectus. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: Senior standing and instructor permission. Pass/fail only.

SOC 499 SENIOR CAPSTONE IN SOCIOLOGY (3)

Students prepare a research thesis on a topic of interest to the student. The thesis is intended to demonstrate the student’s ability to synthesize and apply knowledge. Offered as needed. Prerequisites: Senior status and instructor permission.

SPN 151 ELEMENTARY SPANISH I (4)

Covers pronunciation, easy conversations, and basic grammar of the Spanish language. The emphasis is on basic patterns of language and vocabulary. Offered as needed.

SPN 152 ELEMENTARY SPANISH II (4)

Continuation of SPN 151 covering pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, and written and oral communication. An overview of Spanish-speaking cultures is also presented. Offered as needed. Prerequisite: SPN 151 or equivalent.

UNS 115 SISU SEMINAR (1)

The theme is centered around the Finnish word sisu. Students will also be introduced to academic expectations at the university level and effective strategies to smoothly transition to the Finlandia environment, both in and out of the classroom. Fall and spring semesters. Meets twice per week for seven weeks.

UNS 116 VOCATIONAL EXPLORATION (1)

Helps students identify majors and occupations that are consistent with their interests, strengths, skills, values and personality. This course is a one-hour, partial-semester class that is awarded a pass/fail grade. Fall and Spring semesters.

UNS 150/151 UNIVERSITY STUDIES (12)

These classes require study abroad at a cooperating institution. Students must have prior approval of the appropriate academic dean and the University Registrar. This is a temporary registration designation. Offered as needed.

UNS 203 CAREER PLANNING (1)

Develops preparation skills necessary for a successful career. Students are introduced to a variety of topics including career goal assessment, job search strategies, effective résumé and cover letter writing, employment benefits information, interviewing techniques, graduate school opportunities, and job market analysis. Spring semesters.

WEL 110 BEGINNING YOGA (1)

Focuses on the physical fitness benefits of yoga. Although students may have some yoga or fitness experience, the only prerequisite is the desire to learn and a commitment to attend class. Meets twice per week for seven weeks. Offered as needed, half-semester. May be taken repeatedly for up to 3 credits. Pass/fail only.

WEL 130 PILATES (1)

Pilates combines moves from yoga, gymnastics, kickboxing, and bodybuilding to build strength and flexibility. The goal of these exercises is to improve strength, flexibility, and stability of the “core” muscles for overall better alignment and posture in its practicers. Offered as needed, half-semester. May be taken repeatedly for up to 3 credits. Pass/fail only.

WEL 140 ZUMBA (1)

Zumba is a cardio-dance workout fitness program that uses Latin-inspired dance routines and choreographed steps to form a fun fitness party atmosphere. No dance experience or skills are required. Meets twice a week for seven weeks. Offered as needed, half-semester. May be taken repeatedly for up to 3 credits. Pass/fail only.

WEL 160 INDOOR ROWING (1)

Recognized as the ultimate calorie-burning exercise, indoor rowing is a great way to achieve superb aerobic fitness and core strength. Students will learn proper rowing technique incorporated into workouts designed to work arms, legs, chest, back, abs—even your mind. You will sweat! Offered as needed, half-semester. May be taken repeatedly for up to 3 credits. Pass/fail only.

WEL 170 Martial Arts (1)

Learn the Korean martial art of Soo Bahk Do. Participants will practice kicking, hand strikes, self-defense, forms and light sparring in a safe and fun environment. Offered as needed, half-semester. May be taken repeatedly for up to 3 credits. Pass/fail only.

WEL 180 Beginning spinning (1)

This course is an introduction to Spinning, also known as Indoor Group Cycling. Spinning is a full-body, low impact, aerobic exercise that can help strengthen the heart, lower blood pressure, boost energy, burn off excess fat, tone legs and stomach, reduce stress and tension, and boost peak performance. Offered as needed, half-semester. May be taken repeatedly for up to 3 credits. Pass/fail only.

WEL 190 Winter woods showshoeing (1)

This course focuses on enjoying and exploring local nature areas during winter. Snowshoes will be provided, but students must have appropriate outdoor clothing for winter excursions. Participation and enthusiasm are more important than skill. Spring semester, first-half. May be taken repeatedly for up to 3 credits. Pass/fail only.

WEL 195 KEWEENAW HIKING (1)

Explore the Keweenaw and the natural wonders found here! Keweenaw Hiking will focus on getting active and enjoying the outdoors. We will hike at several local nature areas and experience the unique features found at each. Participation and enthusiasm are more important than skill. Fall semester, first-half. May be taken repeatedly for up to 3 credits. Pass/fail only.

WEL 210 Food for Life (1)

This course involves the preparation and serving of healthy and diverse foods in a family-style meal format. Students will learn basic chopping, cooking, and safe food preparation, and to consider the global and cultural significance of the dishes being served. Hospitality and community-building will be practiced as students from outside the class will be invited to participate in the meal of the evening. Offered as needed, half-semester. May be taken repeatedly for up to 3 credits. Pass/fail only.